Abstract
BackgroundBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and death through neural and non-neural pathways via tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling. However, it is not known whether plasma BDNF concentration is a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignThis study was conducted as a prospective cohort study as part of the Hyogo Sleep Cardio-Autonomic Atherosclerosis.MethodsWe measured plasma BDNF concentration in 324 patients without CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2, and with cardiovascular risk factors. As potential confounders, sleep condition, nocturnal hypertension, and autonomic function were quantitatively examined. The patients were followed for a median 37 months (range 2–59 months) and occurrence of CKD was noted.ResultsPlasma BDNF concentration was significantly and independently associated with CKD development, which occurred in 38 patients (11.7%). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with reduced plasma BDNF concentration exhibited a significantly (p = 0.029) greater number of CKD events as compared to those with a higher concentration. Moreover, comparisons of key subgroups showed that the risk of CKD in association with low plasma BDNF concentration was more prominent in patients with a greater reduction of nocturnal systolic blood pressure, better movement index, higher standard deviations of the NN(RR) interval or average NN(RR) interval for each 5-minute period, and without past cardiovascular disease events, smoking habit, or albuminuria.ConclusionsPlasma BDNF concentration is an independent predictor for development of CKD in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health problem and its prevalence is increasing worldwide [1], while individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking habit, are known to be at greater risk for its development [2]
Plasma Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration was significantly and independently associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) development, which occurred in 38 patients (11.7%)
Plasma BDNF concentration is an independent predictor for development of CKD in patients with cardiovascular risk factors
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health problem and its prevalence is increasing worldwide [1], while individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking habit, are known to be at greater risk for its development [2]. BDNF appears to have roles in energy metabolism, autonomic function, nocturnal hypertension, and sleep disturbance, and may be protective against cardiovascular diseases and death through both neural [24] and non-neural [25] pathways via TrkB signaling. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and death through neural and non-neural pathways via tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling. It is not known whether plasma BDNF concentration is a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
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