Abstract
Agrochemicals or fertilizers are essential to optimize crop production but their excessive and unwanted application is posing a myriad of adverse effects such as declining soil fertility besides contaminating surface and groundwater. These synthetic chemicals mismanage the soil ecology leading to disturbed ecosystem and loss of beneficial bacteria inhabiting in soil. Traces of such chemicals have also been deposited in agricultural products that cause serious illnesses in human beings. Considering such facts, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) renamed as plant beneficial bacteria being promoted to enhance nutrient availability, plant growth, and yield promotion to maintain sustainable agriculture. These bacteria have been in use for a long time for increasing plant growth and development and to reduce the subsistence farmer’s dependence on agrochemicals. The scientific community observed that beneficial effects are now befitting for the sustainable growth promotion and crop yield enhancement due to the influence of PGPR in order to augment nutrient uptake capacity and nutrient use efficiency. The aim of the present study is focusing on the PGPRs which work as a tool to enhance nutrient use efficiency of various crops. Long-term application of such bacteria could act as a newer alternative to chemical fertilizer and able to cope its adverse effects on both soil and ecology and reverse plant–soil ecosystem.
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