Abstract
The damage caused by the citrus mealybug attack on Coffea canephora crops is becoming more and more frequent, and may cause losses close to 100%. Knowledge of aspects related to pest behavior and adoption of methods to monitor crop incidence are important tools for integrated pest management. Thus, the objective was to study the behavior of citrus mealybug along the phenological stages of C. canephora and to propose methods to monitor its occurrence in the crops. The study was carried out in an area consisting of adult C. canephora plants of the variety Diamante ES 8112. The study was carried out using four sampling methods: 1) soil and root sampling with a probe; 2) opening small trenches; 3) plagiotropic branches and 4) weed sampling. Evaluations were carried out monthly by checking and confirming the presence of citrus mealybug in the sampled regions. The information obtained was used to describe the behavior of citrus mealybug and to analyze the applicability of the monitoring methods studied. In the absence of the reproductive phase, citrus mealybug lodges in the root system of coffee and weeds, in the region close to the colon, moving to the aerial part of the plants (rosettes) at the beginning of the flowering of the crop. Probe sampling was not efficient, while opening small trenches is a difficult procedure and causes damage to the root system of the coffee tree. The sampling of plagiotropic branches and weeds allows the monitoring of citrus cochineal during all the phenological phases of C. canephora. Key words: Coffea canephora; Integrated pest management; Citrus mealybugs; Sampling; Weeds.
Highlights
The socioeconomic development of Brazil is favored by the financial movement provided by the production and commercialization of coffee
One of the greatest challenges faced by coffee growers has been the incidence of citrus mealybug in conilon coffee plantations
The monitored area consisted of adult plants of C. canephora of the variety Diamante ES 8112, with 13 clones (V1 to V12)
Summary
The socioeconomic development of Brazil is favored by the financial movement provided by the production and commercialization of coffee. According to the first survey by the National Supply Company (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento - CONAB, 2020), in 2019 the Brazilian coffee production was approximately 49 million bags benefited, with growth forecast of 15.9% to 25.8% for the year 2020. Coffee production in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, faces challenges in the productive sector that compromise crop productivity and the achievement of more relevant results in the national scenario (Fornazier et al, 2019; Fornazier et al, 2018). One of the greatest challenges faced by coffee growers has been the incidence of citrus mealybug in conilon coffee plantations Froehner), this is due to the direct effects caused to productivity and difficulty in carrying out pest control, promoting increased production costs and decreased profitability with the activity (Fornazier et al, 2019)
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