Abstract
Infiltration experiments in the context of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) are often conducted to assess the processes influencing the operation of full-scale MAR schemes. For this, physical models such as laboratory experiments and, less often, field experiments are used to determine process specifics or operational parameters. Due to several assumptions, scale-related limitations, and differing boundary conditions, the upscaling of results from the physical models is not straightforward. Investigations often lead to over- or underestimations of flow processes that constrain the translation of results to field-like conditions. To understand the restrictions and potential of different physical models for MAR assessment, surface infiltration experiments in different scales and dimensions, which maintained the same operational parameters, were conducted. The results from the different setups were compared against each other regarding the reproduction water flow in the vadose zone and the influence of parameters such as soil type and climate. Results show that mostly qualitative statements can be made, whereas quantitative analysis through laboratory experiments is limited.
Highlights
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is a water resources management approach used to mitigate the negative effects of overexploitation and climate change on groundwater resources and quality
Minimum and maximum tension values retrieved from column studies and maximum tension values retrieved from tank studies are not reliable for representation of the FIU
Primarily qualitative statements can be made from the results of the laboratory experiments
Summary
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is a water resources management approach used to mitigate the negative effects of overexploitation and climate change on groundwater resources and quality. It is further utilized to balance the temporal or local water demand and availability [1,2]. It comprises the intended recharge of a groundwater body under controlled conditions [3]. MAR generally involves large-scale facilities, such as injection wells, infiltration basins, or recharge dams [4]. The construction of MAR facilities requires comprehensive planning to understand the local hydrogeological conditions, to achieve sustainable and controllable conditions, to reduce construction and maintenance costs, and to minimize the facility failure potential. Before building MAR facilities, planning is often accompanied by field and laboratory investigations. Pilot sites and preliminary studies are required by some MAR guidelines [5,6]
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