Abstract
SummaryPithecostrongylus anak sp. nov. (Nematoda: Molineidae) is described from the small intestine of Uromys anak Thomas, 1907 from Papua New Guinea. Pithecostrongylus anak is distinguished from other members of the genus by its larger size, the number of ridges on the synlophe and the length of the spicules. The validity of the name of the type species P. alatus is discussed. The genus Pithecostrongylus Lubimow, 1930 occurs in primates and sciurid and murid rodents from Africa, Malaysia and Indonesia, with P. anak the first representative described from a murid rodent from Papua New Guinea. Since only primate hosts have been reported from Indonesia, the route of invasion of New Guinea by the rodents, there are no obvious biogeographical links between P. anak and its congeners.
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