Pioneer 10 and 11 Spacecraft Anomalous Acceleration in the light of the Nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) Theory

Abstract

The Nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) Theory leads to a model of a modified acceleration that can fit an anomalous acceleration experienced by the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft. The future positions of those spacecrafts are predicted using distorted hyperbolic orbit. A connection between an anomalous acceleration and a Hubble constant is solved in the theory together with a relation to a cosmological constant in CDMΛ model. In the paper we consider an exact solution of a point mass motion in the Solar System under an influence of an anomalous acceleration. We find two types of orbits: periodic and chaotic. Both orbits are bounded. This means there is no possibility to escape from the Solar System. Some possibilities to avoid this conclusion are considered. We resolve also a coincidence between an anomalous acceleration and the cosmological constant using a paradigm of modern cosmology. Relativistic effects and a cosmological drifting of a gravitational constant are considered. The model of an anomalous acceleration does not cause any contradiction with Solar System observations. We give a full statistical analysis of the model. We consider also a full formalism of the Nonsymmetric Jordan–Thiry Theory for the problem and present a relativistic model of an anomalous acceleration. We consider the model for General Relativity approximation, i.e. (). In this model there are no contradictions with General Relativity tests in the Solar System. Pioneer 10/11 spacecrafts will come back in 106 years (a time scale of our periodic solutions is 106 years). Moreover, almost relativistic or relativistic spacecrafts can escape from the Solar System. We consider also a model of a relativistic acceleration which is more complicated, with taken into account.