Abstract
A dual stimuli-responsive n-octane-in-water Pickering emulsion with CO2/N2 and light triggers is prepared using negatively charged silica nanoparticles in combination with a trace amount of dual switchable surfactant, 4-butyl-4-(4-N,N-dimethylbutoxyamine) azobenzene bicarbonate (AZO-B4), as stabilizers. On one hand, the emulsion can be transformed between stable and unstable at ambient temperature rapidly via the N2/CO2 trigger, and on the other hand, a change in droplet size of the emulsion can occur upon light irradiation/rehomogenization cycles without changing the particle/surfactant concentration. The dual responsiveness thus allows for a precise control of emulsion properties. Compared with emulsions stabilized by specially synthesized stimuli-responsive particles or by stimuli-responsive surfactants, the method reported here is much easier and requires a relatively low concentration of surfactant (≈1/10 cmc), which is important for potential applications.
Highlights
1.2 Synthesis of target product IV The target product, AZO-B4, was synthesized by bubbling CO2 into an aqueous solution of the intermediate III, as described in the literature.[2].
The synthetic route for the surfactant 4-butyl-4 ́-(4-N, N-dimethylbutoxyamine) azobenzene (AZO-B4) is shown in Scheme S1, which involves four reaction steps and three intermediates (I, II, and III).
Summary
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