Phytoremediation of chrome in Batik industry wastewater using Cyperus haspan

Abstract

Batik industry wastewater has the characteristic of dark-colored organic waste, high temperature and pH, as well as high biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solid (TSS) content that caused by the use of chemical and coloring substances during the Batik production and coloration process. The waste processing method that can be done biologically is phytoremediation. Hydrophyte (aquatic plant) that can be used for phytoremediation on this research is Cyperus haspan. The sample taking on the research is being done by using a grab sample that can be taken at Rumah Industri Batik Blimbing, Malang. The research plan used is a completely randomized design with the factors that can be seen during the experiment. The time detention factor is on the fourth, eighth and twelfth day. The waste liquid concentration factor is K25 that can be found from mixing 25% (liquid waste): 75% (well water) and K250 that can be found by mixing 50% (liquid waste): 50% (well water), with the total volume of 6L on each tub. The waste parameter analyzed in this research is the BOD, COD, TSS, and chromium. The temperature of liquid waste during the experiment is around 260–320 °C. On the other hand, the pH on the waste liquid is around 7.9–8.9. The effective decrease in BOD and COD on K25 is 68% and 57.8% on day 8, while the decrease in BOD on K50 is 10% on day 4, and K25 and K50 have effective decrease of chromium for 44% on day 12, while TSS is increased. The increase of a few parameter contents that was studied is because the evaporation can cause the phytoremediation to become concentrated and the organic content increased, and the phytoremediation process of the waste becomes less efficient.