Abstract
Phytohormones play important roles in plant growth and development, and polyploids are thought to be an important method for plant breeding. However, the relationship between ploidy and phytohormone is still unclear. In this study, barley at three ploidy levels were produced by microspore culture. Therefore, we further analyzed the phytohormone content in the shoots and roots of the three kinds of barley materials to study the effect of ploidy on phytohormones accumulation and distribution. The results showed that Abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), jasmonic acid (JA), auxin (IAA), salicylic acid (SA) and cytokinin (CTK) were successfully determined in shoots and roots using LC-MS (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry). By comparing the shoots of the haploid and diploid plants, it was found that the distribution trend of the six phytohormones was consistent, and another consistent trend was found in the roots of the diploid and tetraploid plants. In addition, we further analyzed the shoot/root ratio of the different phytohormones to identify the potential differences for haploid, diploid and tetraploid. Here, the relationship between ploidy and phytohormone we provided would provide new insights into understanding the new phenotypes that occur in polyploid species.
Highlights
The new phenotype normally occurs in natural polyploidy and has certain advantages in agriculture applications
The chromosome number was measured by a Zeiss Axioskop microscope at 100x magnification, results showed that the root cell of haploid had 8 chromosomes (Fig. 1D), the diploid had 16 chromosomes (Fig. 1E) and the tetraploid had 24 chromosomes (Fig. 1F)
4 Discussion Our results showed that the distribution trend of six phytohormones (i.e., Abscisic acid (ABA), GA, jasmonic acid (JA), IAA, salicylic acid (SA) and CTK) in diploid root was consistent with tetraploid root
Summary
The new phenotype normally occurs in natural polyploidy and has certain advantages in agriculture applications. Polyploidy is considered to be an important force influencing the evolution of eukaryotes, especially flowering plants [1]. Many important crops, such as wheat, soybean, cotton or rapeseed, are almost the selective result of spontaneous interspecific hybridization and undergo a process of polyploidization. Barley is the fourth largest cereal crop produced in the world. One reason for this characteristic is that barley has a high self-breeding rate and its genetic background is not easy to cross. Barley is one of the cereal crops that have a high
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