Physiological quantification and molecular detection (BeNRT1.1) of neosinocalamus (bambusa emeiensis) treated with different types of nitrogen fertilizers

Abstract

Nitrogen based fertilizers have great potential for the ontogenesis and improvement of plants on sustainable basis. This study aims to unveil the effects of nitrogen based fertilizers on physiology, biochemistry and photochemistry of Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung; along with cloning and expression of a nitrate transporter gene from NRT1 family (BeNRT1.1). Our data revealed that NO3−N has a very positive effect on the basal diameter of clumping. The plants treated with NO3−N demonstrated a decrease in the fiber length along with the cellulose content; while the increase has been observed in the lignin content and nitrate reductase activity. Furthermore, the fertilizers NO3−N and (−CONH2) are observed to trigger the soluble protein content in the base of the shoot. While the plants treated with NH4+-N shown morphological effects on the thickness of the inner fiber strand and the height of central vascular bundles. It was found that the parenchyma cells between the two adjacent vascular bundles were significantly thicker than that of the control group. The NH4+-N also increased the sugar content at the base of the shoots and increased the glutamate synthase activity. The different kinds of nitrogen fertilizers also have positive effects on chlorophyll content. Moreover, the NRT gene was cloned and characterized; which demonstrated that the gene BeNRT1.1 (Accession No. KY421770), have an open reading frame (ORF) of 1611 bp, encoding a total of 536 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the amino acid residues of BeNRT1.1 were similar to that of AtNRT1.1 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana which is known for nitrate transport. qRT-PCR data revealed that BeNRT1.1 was highly expressed in the base of the shoots when treated with NO3−N fertilizer.