Abstract
Crude oil characteristics, chemical compounds containing in crudes and their corrosiveness are described. Physico-chemical characteristics of petroleum products, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, gasoline, kerosene (jet fuel), gas oil (diesel fuel), and fuel oil obtained from crude oil also are analysed. Differentiation between the terms fuel and petroleum product is given. It is shown which components in crudes and petroleum products are corrosive. Corrosiveness of petroleum products is explained by the presence of water and dissolved oxygen. Water can be present as dissolved, emulsion water-in-fuel and free water in petroleum products. Solubility of water depends on temperature, relative humidity of air with which fuels contact, and fuel composition. Water solubility in fuels is greatly influenced by the presence and concentration of aromatic and olefin compounds. The free water is most dangerous in the occurring corrosion. Experimental data of solubility of oxygen in liquid petroleum products, fuels, alcohols, biofuels, their components, and, for comparison, in water are given. The methods of removing dissolved oxygen from fuels are described. Formation of aggressive compounds to metals and polymers as a result of oxidation of hydrocarbons containing in fuels also is described. Definition of corrosiveness of petroleum products is given.
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