Abstract
Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the physicochemical, qualitative, quantitative analysis and antioxidant activity of ethanol fruit extract of Guazuma ulmifolia. Studies were carried out to detect the bioactive component.Methods: The physiochemical properties such as loss on drying, extractive value for ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble ash and PH values; the phytochemical such as tannins, phenol, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponin, quinones, cardiac glycosides, coumarin, steroids and acids were found using standard methods. The total phenol and flavonoid content were estimated by Folinciocalteu and Aluminium chloride by colorimetric method. In vitro antioxidants, properties were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay.Results: Phytochemical analysis reveals the availability of secondary metabolites like tannins, phenol, terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarin, steroids, and cardiac glycosides in the different extract. The quantitative analysis for ethanolic fruit extract was done for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC). An ethanolic extract found to have high TPC [27.2797±0.1756] than TFC. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate) and FRAP (ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma).Conclusion: On the basis of this study, it was found that the Guazuma ulmifolia fruits have potential to act as a source of useful drugs due to the presence of various active phytochemical constituent, which will be helpful in preventing various diseases caused by the oxidative stress.
Highlights
Medicinal plants have been a major source of therapeutic agents since ancient times
Terpenoids, coumarin, sterol and cardiac glycoside were excessively present in the ethanolic extract of Guazuma ulmifolia fruit
The phytochemical investigation gave valuable information about the different phytoconstituents present in the fruit Guazuma ulmifolia, which help us in future regarding the selection of the particular extract for further investigation of isolating the active principle and gave idea about different phytochemicals that have been found to possess a wide range of activities, which may help in protection against Chronic diseases
Summary
Medicinal plants have been a major source of therapeutic agents since ancient times. The curative properties of medicinal plants are due to the presence of various complex chemical substances in different composition [1]. According to WHO 2002 report, 80% of the world population still depends on herbal remedies to cure disease [2] Such herbal remedies are time-tested, available, cheaper and considered safer than some of the modern synthetic drug. It can cause oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA, which in turn can cause chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, aging, etc., in a human being [4]. These free radicals can be scavenged by the natural and synthetic antioxidant, but antioxidants from natural origin have attracted special interest because they protect the human body from free radicals without any side effect. The pharmaceutical industry has made a huge investment in pharmacological and chemical research to discover much more potent drugs
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