Abstract
In this study, physicochemical properties, thermal analyze, viscosity, phenol content and fatty acid composition were investigated. The plant material used comes from a wild plant growing in the wilaya of Béjaïa (Algeria). Almonds oil is considered functional foods for the presence of polyphenols compounds. The physicochemical parameters of the bitter almond oil were: the acidity values vary from 1.389 to 3.559%, peroxide index 19.538meq of active oxygen/ kg of oil, rancimat test PI=15h, total polyphenols= 0.137mg Gallic acid/mg bitter almond oil. The profile of the viscosity of the oils confirming that oil analyzed was Newtonian in nature. The TG/DTG curves showed bitter almond oil thermally stable consistent with the result of oxidative induction time. The fatty acid composition of bitter almond oil reveals the presence of the following fatty acids: gallic acid; hydrobenzoic acid. Catechic acid, isovanilic acid, vanilic acid, salicylic acid, myricetin, quercetin, anthrone and oxacil acid. Of which gallic acid is the majority. The physicochemical properties of the bitter almond oil indicated that it is promotes use in cosmetics and suggested its suitability for industrial purposes.
Highlights
Almond is an edible, nutlike seed of fruit of a tree, prunus amygdalus, of the rose family, the Rosaceae (Aydin, 2003; Rao, 2012; Roncero et al; 2016)
The sweet almond producing plant and the bitter almond producing plant can be differentiated on the basis of their flowers, since the sweet almond flowers are white in colour, whereas the bitter almond flowers are pink in colour (Rao, 2012)
The oil composition bitter almond has not been extensively studied but several authors are interested in sweet almond oils (Giwa and Ogunbona, 2014; Smeriglio et al, 2016; DelgadoTobón et al, 2018), this study aims to characterize bitter almond oils collected in the region of Béjaïa located in the East of Algeria
Summary
Nutlike seed of fruit of a tree, prunus amygdalus, of the rose family, the Rosaceae (Aydin, 2003; Rao, 2012; Roncero et al; 2016). Nuts provide an interesting nutritional supply due to their high nutritive and energetic value. Their high fatty content makes them unattractive for new consumers demanding “light”, low-fatty foods. Fats and oils are important food source man, and are extensively used nutritional, cosmetic, drug dispersant in therapeutics and industrial purposes and are used for supplying essential fatty acids such as linoleic and arachidonic acids. It has been demonstrated that almond oil has several properties including anti-inflammatory, immunityboosting and anti-hepatotoxicity effects (Ahmad, 2010). It is used as component of dry skin creams, anti-wrinkle, and anti-aging products in the cosmetic industry as well as for pharmaceutical purposes (Sakar et al, 2017). The oil composition bitter almond has not been extensively studied but several authors are interested in sweet almond oils (Giwa and Ogunbona, 2014; Smeriglio et al, 2016; DelgadoTobón et al, 2018), this study aims to characterize bitter almond oils collected in the region of Béjaïa located in the East of Algeria
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