Abstract
The climatic changes that the middle Moulouya region of Morocco has undergone in recent years, demographic growth and the development of urbanization have led to a significant decrease in the reserves of water that can be mobilized for domestic and agricultural uses. This deficit, between availability and need for water, will only increase with the increasing needs of the water consuming sectors. The main objective is to follow the physical-chemical evolution of raw wastewater in the city of Outat El Haj. Sampling took place over 12 months (2014-2015). The physical-chemical study of urban discharges from the city of Outat El Haj made it possible to define the pollution ratio per inhabitant between 17 and 21 mg/hab.day with BOD5 concentration between 525 mg/l and 2125 mg/l and pH values near neutrality. The ratio COD/BOD5 is from 1.92 to 2.04, shows the biodegradability of effluents, and may be treated by a biological system such as stabilization ponds as found nationwide. The values of the physical-chemical obtained are above the wastewater discharge standards recommended by the WHO and and the Moroccan standards. At the end of this research, it turned out that wastewater from the city of Outat El Haj is of lousy quality to very bad.
Highlights
In Morocco, the issue of water is one of the leading environmental problems, partly because of the health and economic consequences of water pollution and insufficient sanitation, and on the other hand, pressures on water resources due to the increase in water needs.The town of Outat El Haj is one of the cities of Morocco in full urban expansion with an estimated daily volume of wastewater discharges going from 880 in 2005 to 1280 m3 / J in 2012
The city of Outat El Haj is located 250 km far from Fez and 130 km southwest from the city of Guercif on the National Route 15, which is westbound by Missour and Midelt
The average value of BOD5 is greater than 100 mg of O2/l which is considered as the limit value for direct discharges [8]
Summary
The town of Outat El Haj is one of the cities of Morocco in full urban expansion with an estimated daily volume of wastewater discharges going from 880 in 2005 to 1280 m3 / J in 2012. These discharges will reach 6278 m3 / J in l 2030 [1] It is explained by the increase in the urban population, the increase in the supply and consumption of individual drinking water, and the significant use of water by the industrial sector. In this region, which is experiencing a water deficit, wastewater is discharged in its raw state at various points in Oued Moulouya. The discharge rate of raw sewage is intensifying with extremely rapid speed, constituting an important source of pollution [2], and the consequences are hellish on the quality of the rivers [3]
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