Abstract
Commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) materials such as Endocem MTA (EC), Dia-Root Bio MTA (DR), RetroMTA (RM), and ProRoot MTA (PR) are increasingly used as root-end filling materials. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the physicochemical and mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of these MTAs. The film thicknesses of EC and DR were considerably less than that of PR; however, RM’s film thickness was greater than that of PR. In addition, the setting times of EC, DR, and RM were shorter than that of PR (p < 0.05). The solubility was not significantly different among all groups. The three relatively new MTA groups (EC, DR, and RM) exhibited a significant difference in pH variation and calcium ion release relative to the PR group (p < 0.05). The radiopacity of the three new MTAs was considerably less than that of PR. The mechanical strength of RM was not significantly different from that of PR (p > 0.05); however, the EC and DR groups were not as strong as PR (p < 0.05). All MTA groups revealed cytocompatibility. In conclusion, the results of this study confirmed that EC, RM, DR, and PR exhibit clinically acceptable physicochemical and mechanical properties and cell cytotoxicity.
Highlights
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) have various indications for use in endodontics, and their clinical applications have increased over the years
Four commercially available mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) were used in the present study (Table 1)
When the ProRoot MTA (PR) group was compared with the Endocem MTA (EC), DiaRoot Bio MTA (DR), and RM groups, the results of this study showed statistically significant differences in film thickness, setting time, pH variation, calcium ion release, and radiopacity (p < 0.05), no significant differences were found for the solubility (p > 0.05)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) have various indications for use in endodontics, and their clinical applications have increased over the years. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a calcium silicate-based material commonly considered ideal for endodontic treatment due to its excellent biological and physicochemical properties [1,2,3,4]. The first commercially available MTA, Pro Root MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), is composed of Portland cement and bismuth oxide [5,6]
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