Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: determining the multidimensional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain is essential to design appropriate interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the physical and emotional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain in adults. Method: a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, carried out between November 2017 and December 2018 in Family Health Strategies, with 198 adults with chronic back pain. Pain severity, assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory, was considered the outcome variable; and the pain interference in daily activities (Brief Pain Inventory), physical disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief) and pain threshold (digital algometer) variables were considered explanatory. A Multivariate Multiple Linear Regression analysis, using the stepwise method with 5% significance, was preformed to establish an explanatory model of pain severity. Results: the mean age was 48.03 years old (standard deviation: 12.41). Most of the participants were women, married and worked. The variables that had a significant and joint impact on pain severity were pain interference in daily activities (parameter: 0.196; p-value<0.001) and in mood (parameter: 0.054; p-value=0.039) and physical domain of quality of life (parameter: -0.032; p-value<0.001). Conclusion: physical factors (pain interference in daily activities and physical domain of quality of life) and emotional factors (pain interference in mood) play an important role in the severity of chronic back pain, which reinforces its multidimensional character.
Highlights
For the first time in 41 years, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) has revised the concept of pain in order to emphasize the need for its better assessment and, its management
The objective of this study was to assess the physical and emotional factors associated with the severity of chronic back pain in adults
The population consisted of 686 individuals with chronic back pain, who were registered in Family Health Strategies (FHS) / Estratégia de Saúde da Família in the inland of Minas Gerais
Summary
For the first time in 41 years, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) has revised the concept of pain in order to emphasize the need for its better assessment and, its management. The IASP emphasized that pain is always a personal experience, influenced by biological, psychological and social factors[1], which reinforces its multifactorial character, and that it can have adverse effects on the person’s function and social and psychological well-being[1] It is in this context that chronic pain fits, in contrast to the protective role of acute pain. According to The Global Spine Care Initiative, the prevalence of chronic pain in the lumbar and cervical regions, as well as the related disability, has markedly increased over the last 25 years globally and is likely to increase further due to population aging[3] In this sense, this initiative recommends that spinal disorders should be prioritized in research funding opportunities, given the enormous global importance of the problem[3], in order to establish appropriate assessments and courses of action
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