Physical Activity and Exercise: Important Complements to Nutrition in Older Adults

Abstract

Physical activity is vital for prevention and management of most chronic diseases and conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, age-related loss of physical function, and frailty. Public health guidelines recommend aerobic exercise, resistance training, and flexibility exercises across the lifespan, with the addition of balance exercise for older adults to decrease the risk of falls. Although the physical and mental health benefits of physical activity extend into late life, a lack of awareness among older adults and clinicians may be barriers to physical activity. Numerous evidence-based physical activity programs for older adults across a range of function can be implemented in community and clinical settings, serving as a resource for clinician referrals. Partnerships of clinicians with community-based providers will improve access to both physical activity and nutrition programs, ultimately promoting independence and quality of life for older adults.