Abstract
In this paper, a photosensor-based latency measurement system for head-mounted displays (HMDs) is proposed. The motion-to-photon latency is the greatest reason for motion sickness and dizziness felt by users when wearing an HMD system. Therefore, a measurement system is required to accurately measure and analyze the latency to reduce these problems. The existing measurement system does not consider the actual physical movement in humans, and its accuracy is also very low. However, the proposed system considers the physical head movement and is highly accurate. Specifically, it consists of a head position model-based rotary platform, pixel luminance change detector, and signal analysis and calculation modules. Using these modules, the proposed system can exactly measure the latency, which is the time difference between the physical movement for a user and the luminance change of an output image. In the experiment using a commercial HMD, the latency was measured to be up to 47.05 ms. In addition, the measured latency increased up to 381.17 ms when increasing the rendering workload in the HMD.
Highlights
Nowadays, movies and game contents using virtual reality (VR) have taken a center stage because they provide greater immersion and realism
It refers to the difference between the starting time point of the head motion for a new orientation and the time point when generating an image on the display of an head-mounted displays (HMDs) system [5]
It cannot ensure the accuracy owing to the use of a low-performance servo motor and because the output image uses the mirroring mode, which is a method that outputs an image to a monitor rather than to the display of an HMD system
Summary
Movies and game contents using virtual reality (VR) have taken a center stage because they provide greater immersion and realism. The motion-to-photon latency is the most significant one [4] because it results in motion sickness and dizziness caused by the inconsistency of human perception It refers to the difference between the starting time point of the head motion for a new orientation and the time point when generating an image on the display of an HMD system [5]. A new image is outputted to the display of the HMD system In this case, each module has a latency, and the total summation of the latencies in the whole process is called the motion-to-photon latency [6,7]. 1. Overall process andand motion-to-photon latency of the image rendering
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