Abstract
For the first time red-to-blue photon avalanche upconversion has been discovered and investigated in LiKYF 5 crystals doubly doped with Tm 3+ and Er 3+ under laser excitation at the liquid nitrogen temperature. On the basis of the optical studies, an original model of the luminescent mechanisms, within which the Er 3+ ions act as both donor and acceptor, and as a result sensitize the photon avalanche effect in Tm 3+ by converting the optical excitation energy in its diffusion among the Tm 3+ ions, is presented. It is assumed that all these mechanisms can be realized when the Er 3+ concentration in crystals is relatively low in order to avoid direct interactions between the Er 3+ ions.
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