Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are well-established bone replacement materials that have been used in dentistry and orthopedics for more than 25 years. The monitoring of bone cements and the associated healing processes in the human body is difficult and so far has often been achieved using cytotoxic X-ray contrast agent additives. These additives have a negative effect on the mechanical properties and setting time of the bone cement. In this paper, we present a novel approach to prepare contrastive CPC by the incorporation of luminescent Eu3+-doped hydroxyapatite (Eu:HAp) nanoparticles. Eu-doped CPC (Eu:CPC) exhibited enhanced mechanical properties compared to pure CPC. Furthermore, the red photoluminescence of Eu:CPC may allow the observation of CPC-related healing processes without the use of harmful ionizing radiation.
Highlights
Mammalian hard tissues, like bone and teeth, mainly consist of the biomineral hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10 (PO4 )6 (OH)2 ) and the protein collagen [1]
We show a new approach to introduce contrasting properties in Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) by incorporating luminescent Eu-doped CPC (Eu)-doped HAp (Eu:HAp)
The incorporation of Eu:HAp NPs into CPC led to a composite bone cement with red light the initial setting time
Summary
Like bone and teeth, mainly consist of the biomineral hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10 (PO4 ) (OH)2 ) and the protein collagen [1]. CDHA, one possible end product of the CPC setting reaction, is the basic material of bone apatite, which is strongly substituted in its natural form by ions such as Na+ , K+ , Mg2+ , HPO4 2− , and CO3 2− [1]. This shows that the crystal lattice of apatite has a high tolerance to substitutions and distortions [15]. Synthetic HAp can be doped with numerous metal ions to improve, for example, its bioactivity, degradation rate, antibacterial, optical, and magnetic properties [16,17,18,19]
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