Abstract
The central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to evaluate the effect of H 2O 2 dosage rate (1–10 mg L −1 min −1) and Fe 3+ dosage (1–100 mg L −1) in the photo-Fenton treatment of carbofuran and to develop the second-order polynomial equations in terms of carbofuran and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removals and BOD 5/DOC ratio with different reaction times. Both H 2O 2 dosage rate and Fe 3+ dosage have significant effects on the dependable variables. Based on the results of carbofuran removal and BOD 5/DOC ratio, H 2O 2 dosage rate of 5.4 mg L −1 min −1 and Fe 3+ dosage of 59 mg L −1 were found to be the favorable reagent dosages for carbofuran degradation. Under these conditions, the toxicity unit measured by Microtox® test with 5 min exposure was decreased from 47 to 6 and the biodegradability evaluated by BOD 5/COD ratio was increased from 0 to 0.76 after 60 min reaction. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the photo-Fenton process is a promising pretreatment before the application of biological treatment for carbofuran removal from contaminated water/wastewater.
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