Abstract
In recent years, a strong growth in power conversion efficiency of all-polymer solar cells (up to 11.0%) has been realized through extensive material and device research. For practical application, high intrinsic thermal stability of the photoactive layer is a crucial requirement for long lifetimes. In this study, two new vinyl-functionalized monomers (TPD-V, NDI-V) were synthesized as the third monomer to produce two new series of cross-linkable benzodithiophene (BDT)-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD)-based polymer donors and naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based polymer acceptors by random copolymerization. By synthetically tuning the molar content of vinyl units, the crosslinked properties of the polymers were explored. It is found that these crosslinkable polymers with small molar content of vinyl unit can be mostly crosslinked upon long-term heating. Meanwhile, by employing crosslinking of PA/PD blend, all-PSCs were fabricated and the thermal-stability were studied. As a result, the all-PSCs based both crosslinkable polymer donor PBDT-TPD-8 and acceptor PNDI-T-5 retained 86% of its highest PCE (106% of its initial PCE) without obvious burn-in efficiency loss under 24 h of continuous accelerated heating (150 °C), while the reference devices based non-crosslinkable PBDT-TPD-0/PNDI-T-0 only retained 40% of its highest PCE (51% of its initial PCE). The results demonstrate photoactive layer crosslinking can stabilize morphology under long term thermal stress leading to excellent thermal-stability of the devices.
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