Abstract
Infrared neuron stimulation is regarded as an innovative approach for stimulating cochleae in animals while the exact mechanism still remains unknown. In this paper, we studied compound action potentials of guinea pig cochleae with chronic or acute deafness. We recorded optical compound action potentials and analyzed stretched cochlear preparations by fluorescence microscopy. Photoacoustic signals were measured by hydrophone and microphone, respectively. In our experiment, we observed a switch response effect in vitro and in vivo experiments. Therefore, we proposed photoacoustic effect could invoke auditory response in infrared neuron stimulation.
Highlights
Since Dr William Houserst inserted a gold wire into the cochleae of deaf patients in 1961,1,2 the cochlear implant (CI) has been widely regarded as the most e®ective method to restore hearing in patients with severe sensorineural hearing loss
Our results show chronic deafness caused by the injection of streptomycin sulfate was e®ective in damaging outer hair cells (HCs) of the cochlea
We found switch response e®ect in vitro and in vivo experiments and we proposed that the photoacoustic e®ect could evoke optical CAPs (OCAPs) from the auditory nerve
Summary
Since Dr William Houserst inserted a gold wire into the cochleae of deaf patients in 1961,1,2 the cochlear implant (CI) has been widely regarded as the most e®ective method to restore hearing in patients with severe sensorineural hearing loss. The electrical stimulation of CI has some inevitable deciencies, including low spatial resolution and artifacts.[3] Infrared neuron stimulation (INS) has recently been proposed as an alternative to overcome these issues and improve CI performance. There have been several groups researching in INS. In Northwestern Universityrst proposed a mid-infrared pulsed laser to successfully evoke OCAPs in the gerbils.[4] They proceeded to studying the e®ects to
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