Abstract
The basic characteristic that makes us human is the ability to communicate through language with fellow human beings, “to talk”, “to discuss” and “to criticize”. In this context, the main hypothesis of this study is that this natural characteristic is also viable for scientific reasoning: Science is critical thinking; science progresses through critical reasoning. This study will first focus on the significance and functions of criticism in science. Then, the views of Karl Popper, one of the most influential philosophers in the 20th century, which are reflected in the notions of “falsification”, “situational logic”, and “critical rationalism”, will be discussed within the context of economics. In the last part of the study, the relationship between physics, which aims at explaining everything in natural sciences, and economics, which aims at explaining everything in social sciences will be discussed and in this context the project of “Science as a Grand Unified System” will be mentioned.
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