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Abstract
Treatment of rats with phenobarbital stimulates the in vitro activities of hepatic side-chain hydroxylase and aromatic hydroxylase. This effect is paralleled by enhanced in vivo metabolism of toluene and benzene and results in increased tolerance of the rats to the narcotic action of toluene and the leukcopenic action of benzene. No comparable effect of the pretreatment is observed on the rates of oxidation of aromatic alcohol to the corresponding acid, phenolic sulfation, phenolic glucuronidation, or glycine conjugation of benzoic acid. Rapid disappearance of toluene from blood due to enhanced hepatic metabolism together with reduced sensitivity of central nervous system offer an explanation for the shortened sleeping time after toluene injection. The protective effect of phenobarbital against the leukopenic action of benezene is discussed in relation to the etiology of benzene intoxication.
Published Version
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