Abstract
AbstractLight scattered by an object contains plethora information about the object which is distributed evenly among all possible Fourier components of light observed in the far‐field. There are some cases, however, where this information is accumulated in the light confined by the object and then encoded in just a few coherent optical beams. Here, Fourier nanotransducers based on 2D plasmonic metamaterials are introduced, which are capable of confining light in 2D plane contacting with a functional interface, gathering information about its properties, and then transmitting the information into discrete optical beams with amplified phase relations. It is shown that phase of light in such beams can be used for probing dynamic physical properties of 2D materials and performing bio/chemical sensing with unprecedented sensitivity. Using a Fourier transducer based on periodic gold nanostructures, ferroelectric response from a single atomic layer of MoS2 is resolved and studied for the first time, as well as the detection of important antibiotic chloramphenicol at fg mL−1 level is demonstrated, which several orders of magnitude better than reported in the literature. The implementation of phase‐responsive Fourier nanotransducers opens new avenues in exploration of emergent 2D structures and radical improvement of biosensing technology.
Highlights
The elaboration of artificial scaffold platforms, capable of replacing and/or repairing failing tissues or full organs, is still challenging for the scientific community [1,2,3,4]
As we showed in References [5,19], the incorporation of functional additives, such as Au and Si nanoparticles, into the chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix can provide a series of advantages, including: (i) A decrease of fiber size, which promises the improvement of its surface reactivity; (ii) an improvement of thermal stability at a high temperature; and (iii) the possibility for enabling additional theranostic modalities based on unique properties of laser-synthesized nanomaterials [5]
We report a further advancement of the electrospinning procedure in order to improve the properties of the formed Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)-decorated hybrid chitosan/PEO nanofibers
Summary
The elaboration of artificial scaffold platforms, capable of replacing and/or repairing failing tissues or full organs, is still challenging for the scientific community [1,2,3,4]. Similar to conventional techniques, such as solvent casting and particle leaching, electrospinning is extensively explored to elaborate structured biocompatible and biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds. Such a technique can offer a series of advantages over traditional methods, including (i) the possibility of working with a variety of materials, including synthetic and natural polymers and their composites and (ii) the capability of generating micro- to nano-scale nanofibers having sophisticated special 3D designs [8]. The spinnability of chitosan polymer is relatively poor due to the presence of hydrogen bonds between polysaccharide chains, leading to its high crystallinity and weak solubility in most solvents Acid solutions, such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), and ionic liquids are typically employed to facilitate the dissolution of chitosan. To ensure the jet continuity and uniformity, one has to electrospin chitosan together with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer [20,21,22]
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