Abstract
In this research, nanoparticles of cobalt ferrite were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process at 190 °C using different treatment durations with the assistance of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) surfactant. The synthesized powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope and vibration sample magnetometer techniques. The quantitative values of phase constituents and also inversion parameter of cobalt ferrite spinel structure were calculated by Rietveld method using XRD results. XRD results show formation of cobalt ferrite as the main phase in all samples and also the presence of small amounts of Co3O4 lateral phase in some cases. Raman spectroscopies also confirm the presence of this lateral phase. Microstructural studies represent formation of nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distribution. Magnetic measurements represent that maximum magnetization (Mmax) values are in the range of 25–57 emu/g with changes in the hydrothermal treatment duration. Intrinsic coercivity force values (iHc) change from 0 to 487 Oe in different samples. The highest Mmax value of 57 emu/g was obtained in the sample after 3 h of hydrothermal treatment with PVP addition. The iHc value of this sample was 35 Oe, while without PVP addition, the high Mmax value of 60 emu/g is observed in a sample that has iHc value equal to 320 Oe.
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