Pharmacokinetic profile of 3β-hydroxy-17-(1 H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)androsta-5,16-diene (VN/87-1), a potent androgen synthesis inhibitor, in mice

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of 3β-hydroxy-17-(1 H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)androsta-5,16-diene (VN/87-1) in normal male mice and in SCID mice bearing human LNCaP tumor xenografts. VN/87-1 is a novel potent steroidal inhibitor of human testicular 17-α-hydroxylase/C 17,20-lyase. The steroid also shows anti-androgenic activity and inhibits the growth of human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP) in vitro and in vivo. Male Balb/c mice were given a single oral, subcutaneous (s.c.) or intravenous (i.v.) bolus dose of VN/87-1 (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg). Male SCID mice bearing LNCaP tumor xenografts were injected with a single s.c. dose of VN/87-1 (50 mg/kg). The animals were sacrificed at various times up to 24 h after drug administration and blood was collected. The plasma samples were prepared and analyzed by a reversed phase HPLC system equipped with a diode array detector. A non-compartmental pharmacokinetic approach was used to evaluate the plasma level versus time data. Following i.v. administration of VN/87-1, the plasma levels declined exponentially with an elimination half-life of 1.2±0.03 h. The absolute bioavailability of the 50 mg/kg dose after oral or s.c. administration was 12.08±2 or 57.2±4.5%, respectively. VN/87-1 is a high clearance (5.0±1.3 l/h per kg) compound in mice and its volume of distribution was relatively large (6.5±1.2 l/kg). The pharmacokinetic parameters of VN/87-1 were not significantly altered in SCID mice bearing human LNCaP tumor xenografts. VN/87-1 is well absorbed from the subcutaneous site compared with absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and shows linear kinetics at doses up to 100 mg/kg.