Abstract
Moderna and the partnership between Pfizer and the German biotech firm BioNTech are moving neck and neck toward expedited regulatory review of COVID-19 vaccines based on messenger RNA technology. Their paths will diverge, however, in the next leg of the race: manufacturing. Unlike some of its peers in the drug industry, Pfizer has retained significant in-house manufacturing assets. It plans to make raw materials, the mRNA active, and finished doses for BNT162b2, the partnership’s vaccine, at its own plants in Andover, Massachusetts; Kalamazoo, Michigan; and Saint Louis. Pfizer will also use its site in Belgium for the European market. In contrast, Moderna, a biotech firm with nothing like Pfizer’s manufacturing base, has contracted with Lonza, one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical services firms, to produce much of the mRNA active for its vaccine, mRNA-1273. Lonza will make the active at its complex in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and at its main
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