Abstract
In the climate change mitigation context based on the blue hydrogen concept, a narrative frame is presented in this paper to build the argument for solving the energy trilemma, which is the possibility of job loss and stranded asset accumulation with a sustainable energy solution in gas- and oil-rich regions, especially for the Persian Gulf region. To this aim, scientific evidence and multidimensional feasibility analysis have been employed for making the narrative around hydrogen clear in public and policy discourse so that choices towards acceleration of efforts can begin for paving the way for the future hydrogen economy and society. This can come from natural gas and petroleum-related skills, technologies, experience, and infrastructure. In this way, we present results using multidimensional feasibility analysis through STEEP and give examples of oil- and gas-producing countries to lead the transition action along the line of hydrogen-based economy in order to make quick moves towards cost effectiveness and sustainability through international cooperation. Lastly, this article presents a viewpoint for some regional geopolitical cooperation building but needs a more full-scale assessment.
Highlights
In case the CO2 is captured and stored using carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology [21], the produced hydrogen is labeled ‘blue hydrogen’. Both steam methane reforming (SMR) and auto thermal reforming (ATR) have acceptable technology readiness levels (TRL) and have considerable market share potential for the production of blue hydrogen and have almost the same route in which natural gas reacts with hot steam leading to the production of syngas
In presented using using scientific scientific evieviIn this this perspective perspective paper, paper, aa narrative narrative frame frame has has been been presented dence and multidimensional feasibility analysis to build the argument to solve an energy dence and multidimensional feasibility analysis to build the argument to solve an energy trilemma: the possibility of job loss, stranded asset accumulation, and sustainable energy trilemma: the possibility of job loss, stranded asset accumulation, and sustainable energy solution in gas- and oil-rich regions, especially in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, in a climate change mitigation context based on the blue hydrogen concept
Large-scale hydrogen production can follow a strategic transition plan starting from conversion of existing technologies for grey hydrogen with cost of ~€1.5/kg, hydrogen from natural gas without carbon capture and storage, to blue hydrogen, hydrogen from natural gas with carbon capture and storage, to create a functioning market and support development of future green hydrogen with a cost of ~€2.5–5.5/kg for hydrogen from renewable energy sources
Summary
In the case of energy, which is open to international competition and has implication for global climate change investment, market knowledge sharing becomes even more complex Under such circumstances, a transition path needs to be guided by national circumstances and international cooperation. The research question of this article is how zero carbon energy transition in fossil fuel-rich and dependent countries can address the trilemma of jobs, stranded assets, and sustainability, and what can be the role of international cooperation in hydrogen-driven leapfrog technology. The current study presents and discusses an indicative energy transition roadmap where the existing oil and gas infrastructures and resources are utilized for a faster and deeper cross-sectorial decarbonization plan through establishment of a hydrogen hub for the Persian Gulf region. The global environmental issue will stay a core concern for all the deliberations in different sections of the study
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