Abstract
Commercial reforestation in Colombia comprises approximately 350,000 has with predominance of exotic species of Pinus and Eucalyptus, plus Acacia mangium, Tectona grandis, and few others. The most common pests are native species of defoliators, mostly Geometridae and Phasmatodea in the pines of the Andean region and leaf cutter ants in warmer areas. In addition, important diseases of the stem, leaf, and shoots, mainly caused by fungi, have been identified as current or potential constraints to productivity in both pines and eucalyptus. However, the biggest concern is the increasing detection of introduced species and the risk of new introductions. The management of pests and forest diseases in Colombian plantations comprises different approaches including integrated pest management scheme, emphasizing in prevention and monitoring mainly implemented by well-developed companies, and less elaborate programs applied in response to outbreak detection, which is frequent in smaller companies that overlook or underestimate the phytosanitary component. Because forest pests and diseases pose a threat to the productivity of future reforestations in Colombia, a strengthening of basic and applied research programs is required through the continue cooperation among governmental programs and private investment.
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