Abstract
In the growth kinetics analysis of flaviviruses in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cell lines obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank and the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Culture (ECACC), these two cells line showed different viral susceptibility for Zika virus (ZIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis revealed that the C6/36 JCRB strain was persistently infected with two viruses without showing any cytopathic effects. The complete sequence analysis demonstrated that the one virus was Menghai rhabdovirus (MERV), which has been found from Aedes albopictus mosquito. The other virus was a novel virus, designated as Shinobi tetravirus (SHTV). Interestingly, the viral susceptibility of these two strains was almost even for Sindbis virus and Getah virus. We cloned SHTV and MERV from JCRB C6/36 cell line and then re-infected them into another C6/36 cell line, resulting in the reproduction of persistent infection with each virus. ZIKV growth was suppressed in SHTV and/or MERV re-infected C6/36 cells also. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that persistent infection with rhabdovirus and/or permutotetravirus suppressed flavivirus replication in mosquito cells.
Highlights
Arboviruses cause infectious diseases in humans or animals
Viral titers were determined by plaque assay using Vero cells (ZIKV, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Dengue virus (DENV), and Sindbis virus (SINV)) or BHK-21 cells (GETV), and the resultant viruses were subjected to further analysis
In the case of SINV infection, no significant differences in growth kinetics were found between Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB)
Summary
Arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) cause infectious diseases in humans or animals. Flaviviridae and Togaviridae contain major mosquito-borne viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Sindbis virus (SINV), and Getah virus (GETV) [1]. These viruses can replicate in humans (or animals) and in vector mosquitoes. A. albopictus-derived C6/36 cells were primarily cloned and established as viral sensitive cells [3]. The defect in the RNAi pathway would contribute to higher susceptibility of C6/36 cells for mosquito-borne viruses [6]
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