Abstract
We investigated interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in ultrathin Fe/MgO(001) using both x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD). We developed the XMLD technique for detecting the signals from the PMA samples. The PMA energy and quadrupole moments at an Fe/MgO interface were deduced from the XMLD sum rules, whose values explain the microscopic origin of PMA. We found that orbital moment anisotropy is dominant at the Fe/MgO interfacial PMA and the contribution of quadrupole moments is small but finite at the lattice distorted interfaces.
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