Abstract
Peritumoural brain oedema can aggravate the mass effect of tumours and lead to additional complications. The oedema associated with brain tumours is vasogenic in nature and is due to an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. The cause of this increased permeability it not entirely clear but is likely to be associated with the production of various substances by tumours (such as oxygen free radicals), an inflammatory response and/or an effect on the central vasopressin system. The diagnosis of peritumoural brain oedema is assisted by the use of imaging techniques such as computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. The treatment of peritumoural oedema involves the use of glucocorticoids or osmotic dehydrating agents, such as mannitol and glycerol, and the avoidance of factors that increase intracranial pressure. Based on current knowledge of the causes of peritumoural oedema, future strategies may include the use of agents with antioxidant properties [such as lazaroids (tirilazad)], corticotropin-releasing factor and vasopressin inhibitors.
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