Periostin induces chemoresistance in colon cancer cells through activation of the PI3K/Akt/survivin pathway

Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to explore the effects of periostin, a cell adhesion protein, on chemoresistance in colon cancer cells. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were employed to detect periostin expression in SW480 and HT-29 colon cancer cells treated with oxaliplatin or fluorouracil (5-FU). Small interfering RNA was used to downregulate endogenous periostin. Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining was performed to analyze the effects of periostin on drug-induced apoptosis. The results showed that treatment with oxaliplatin or 5-FU elevated both the mRNA and protein levels of periostin in SW480 and HT-29 cells. Silencing of periostin significantly (P < 0.01) augmented drug-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells, coupled with enhanced cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Mechanistic studies revealed that periostin silencing significantly (P < 0.01) suppressed the expression of survivin, an antiapoptotic protein in colon cancer cells. Enforced expression of survivin repressed drug-induced apoptosis in periostin-depleted SW480 and HT-29 cells. Additionally, periostin overexpression increased the expression of survivin and the phosphorylation of Akt, which was reversed by pretreatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-specific inhibitor LY294002. Taken together, our data demonstrate that periostin induces chemoresistance in colon cancer cells through activation of the PI3K/Akt/survivin pathway.