Abstract
Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cells. It has many biological functions and is related to many diseases: for example, it promotes cell proliferation and differentiation in osteoblasts, which are closely related to osteoporosis, and mediates cell senescence and apoptosis in chondrocytes, which are involved in osteoarthritis. Furthermore, it also plays an important role in mediating inflammation and reconstruction during bronchial asthma, as well as in promoting bone development, reconstruction, repair, and strength. Therefore, periostin has been explored as a potential biomarker for various diseases. Recently, periostin has also been found to be expressed in intervertebral disc cells as a component of the intervertebral extracellular matrix, and to play a crucial role in the maintenance and degeneration of intervertebral discs. This article reviews the biological role of periostin in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells, which are closely related to spinal degenerative diseases. The study of its pathophysiological effects is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal degeneration, although additional studies are needed.
Highlights
Each vertebra of the spine includes two parts: an intervertebral disc (IVD) and a bony vertebral body
These results indicate that the expression of POSTN induced by the erythropoietinproducing hepatocyte B4 (EPHB4) signaling pathway downregulates GSK-3-β (Ser9) activity through the Wnt pathway to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [56]
We described the roles of POSTN in BMSCs, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and IVD cells, as well as its interactions with inflammatory cytokines and mechanical stimulation, and the potential of POSTN in acting as a biomarker of some diseases
Summary
Each vertebra of the spine includes two parts: an intervertebral disc (IVD) and a bony vertebral body. POSTN expression has been shown to be related to spinal degeneration and to play an important role in the activation and progression of related cell differentiation and pathology. These results indicate that the expression of POSTN induced by the EPHB4 signaling pathway downregulates GSK-3-β (Ser9) activity through the Wnt pathway to promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs [56].
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