Abstract
Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss. Oral hygiene practices combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity disease free and maintain periodontal health. The primary objective was to find out the prevalence of periodontal disease of patients measured by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Community Periodontal Index. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Periodontics of a tertiary care dental hospital from April to June 2019 after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling and 183 sample size was calculated. Proforma included demographics, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Community Periodontal Index, body mass index, and smoking status. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and descriptive statistics were presented as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Prevalence of periodontal disease corresponding to loss of attachment 1, 2, 3, and 4 was found to in 104 (56.83%) participants. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index score was 1.67±0.89 with "fair" status in majority 114 (62.30%). Gingivitis (Community Periodontal Index 1, 2) was seen in 136 (74.32%). The mean age was 36.37±14.43 years of which 92 (50.27%) were female but smoking was more in males. This study suggests deteriorating periodontal health related to age, sex, oral hygiene, smoking, and BMI. As updated information on oral and periodontal health in Nepal is limited, this assessment would help the national policy makers on oral health intervention measures to prevent periodontitis and develop future programs to improve oral health.
Highlights
Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss
Regarding the overall periodontal status of the 183 participants, 104 (56.83%) had Community Periodontal Index (CPI) score of 2 and 84 (45.90%) had loss of attachment (LOA) score of 1 (Table 1)
Healthy periodontal condition CPI 0 was found only in 2 (1.09%) and LOA 0 in 79 (43.17%) of the examined individuals indicating the prevalence of gingival disease as 136 (74.32%) and the prevalence of periodontal disease in 104 (56.83%) participants (Table 1)
Summary
Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss. Oral hygiene practices combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity disease free and maintain periodontal health. Oral health related quality of life is associated with periodontal status.[1] Periodontal disease is chronic disease leading to tooth loss.[2,3,4,5] Oral hygiene practices of regular brushing and flossing of teeth combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity healthy. Using standard tools to assess the oral hygiene status and practices that affect the periodontal health status is essential in formulating appropriate and acceptable dental health services and oral health awareness programs to improve the oral health of the population.[2], The primary objective of the current study was to find the prevalence of periodontal disease of the participants and secondarily to observe the various factors affecting periodontal condition like age, gender, Correspondence: Dr Bhageshwar Dhami, Department of JNMA I VOL 59 I ISSUE 236 I April 2021.
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