Abstract
Based on the data collected by a vertical line array (VLA) during an experiment in the South China Sea, October 2011, source localization results of the conventional matched-field processor (MFP) are presented and analyzed. The results indicate that when the measurement distance is less than about 40 km, the MFP is a viable processing technique, while for distances beyond 40 km, a bimodal character emerges in the MFP output. The distance between the two peaks is about 30 km, and many of the source locations are estimated in the wrong peaks. Besides environmental variable mismatch, the existence of a periodic sound field structure formed by the sea bottom reflection in such an environment is proposed to explain the phenomenon. The explanation is verified by an argument based on the normal mode theory, and the result shows reasonable agreement with the MFP output.
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