Performance-related methods for the characterization of cold mix patching materials used in asphalt pavements maintenance

Abstract

Cold mix patching materials (CMPMs) are commonly used as an alternative to hot mix asphalt (HMA) for repairing road pavement potholes, especially in cold and wet seasons. Currently, the acceptance criteria and expectations for the mechanical strength and durability of CMPMs are often compared or related to those adopted for traditional HMA pavements without considering the specific performance characteristics of CMPMs required to ensure their effectiveness. In response to this, the authors proposed innovative solutions derived from pre-existing methodologies to evaluate CMPMs. Several parameters, indicative of CMPMs' structural and functional performance, were measured to optimize the mix design and systematize the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) process at various service life stages and under different boundary conditions. Besides the standard Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength (ITS), which were chosen as references, Hubbard-Field and indentation stability tests were reintroduced, suggesting modified procedures specifically tailored to CMPM stability evaluation. Similarly, brush, Leutner, and locking point test methods were customized for analyzing the raveling potential, bonding properties, and workability of the patching materials. The research outcome showed that Hubbard-Field and indentation stability tests provided more accurate stability assessments, even for materials unsuitable for testing using Marshall stability and ITS methods. Modified brush and Leutner tests effectively replicated real-world conditions, enhancing the relevance of laboratory findings to practical applications. Furthermore, the locking point method enabled mixture workability classification. These findings contribute to a better understanding of CMPM performance and can inform more targeted and effective road repair strategies.