Abstract
A new design approach to clustered stud shear connection in composite bridges with precast decks is required to accommodate highly concentrated shear force in small area. Shear connection of the prefabricated slab consists of stud connectors, mortar in a shear pocket and reinforcement around the pocket. More general design approach for the shear connection is provided by relative strength between shear strength of shear connectors, bearing strength of mortar in shear pockets, and the shear strength of precast deck. Considering the relatively high strength mortar in the bearing zone of the shear connection this paper deals with structural performance of stud clusters to simplify the connection details. In a shear pocket, closer stud spacing than the current pitch requirement was considered. Push-out tests were conducted to evaluate the ultimate strength according to expected failure modes. The main parameters of the test were stud spacing and confining details. In order to use group arrangement of stud connectors, it is necessary to prevent premature failure of bearing zone by strengthening the shear connection using confining reinforcements. An empirical equation of ultimate shear strength of the shear connection was proposed to consider the effect of stud spacing when the spacing is less than five times stud diameter. Fatigue tests showed that the fatigue endurance of clustered stud connectors with spacing of more than three times stud diameter can be evaluated using current design codes.
Highlights
Full-depth precast decks for fast bridge construction are increasingly applied to composite bridges
This concentrated force causes the concrete to fail in tension by embedment cracking, ripping, shear and splitting resulting in the decrease of ultimate strength of shear connection (Oehlers, Bradford 1995)
It is more effective to strengthen the connection by placing confining reinforcement around the shear pocket
Summary
Full-depth precast decks for fast bridge construction are increasingly applied to composite bridges. The strength of the connection is governed by shear strength of the concrete slab in these cases To resolve these limitations, group stud shear connection with rather large studs was proposed and details for the connection have been investigated (Badie et al 2002; Okada et al 2006; Shim et al 2004, 2007). For group stud shear connection in cast-in-place concrete slab, test results showed that the current design provisions are applicable for the ultimate strength and fatigue endurance when the minimum spacing was satisfied (Okada et al 2006; Shim, Kim 2010). The reduction of static strength of the shear connection considering the reduced spacing does not significantly increase number of connectors because the fatigue endurance governs the design of shear connection. Fatigue tests were conducted to verify the fatigue strength of group stud shear connection
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