Abstract
Research related to Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) has recently gained more attention due to its application in enabling smart healthcare systems. A WBAN consists of several sensing nodes and a dedicated coordinator. The distributed nodes communicate with the coordinator by accessing the physical communication channel in a randomly distributed fashion. Random channel access may cause frame re-transmission of corrupted frames due to frame collisions. As a result of that, there will be degradation in the WBAN throughput, an increase in delay, and a waste of node energy. Nodes within a WBAN can be classified using specific user priorities allowing for prioritized communication to reduce possible frame collisions. To improve the performance and energy efficiency, this work aims to reduce collisions among nodes that belong to the same users’ priority (homogeneous collisions) and collisions among nodes of different users’ priorities (heterogeneous collisions). Homogeneous collisions can be reduced by scaling the minimum Contention Window (CW) among nodes within the same user priority, whereas heterogeneous collisions can be reduced by allowing higher user priority nodes to transmit while lower user priority nodes enter into a backoff state. This paper presents an analytical model and extensive simulations to show the enhanced performance of the proposed collision avoidance mechanism. The results show that the throughput and node energy efficiency is improved by a factor of three and two times, respectively.
Highlights
Internet of Things (IoT) is an architecture in which physical objects, i.e., sensors, actuators, and devices, work together to share information in a distributed manner [1]
We proposed a proactive scaling of the Contention Window (CW) with several nodes as follows; linear scaling for CW and node adjusts it based on the number of nodes in the corresponding user priority (UP)
We developed simulations in MATLAB, considering the IEEE 802.15.6 MAC/PHY layers evaluation methodology
Summary
Internet of Things (IoT) is an architecture in which physical objects, i.e., sensors, actuators, and devices, work together to share information in a distributed manner [1]. A network has different adaptive mechanisms based on application requirements and the status of the channel to use energy resources efficiently. The work in [20] presents an analytical model of the IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA protocol under non-saturated traffic conditions. They computed throughput, energy consumption, and mean frame service time and optimized phase lengths to attain a higher throughput and the minimum delay. An analytical model is presented in [22] for scheduled access mechanisms that provide throughput analysis and closed-form expressions for different performance parameters, e.g., reliable data transfer, throughput, delay, and energy consumption for a variety of applications with medium to high data rates. The work in [26]
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