Abstract
The simplicity of solar flat plate air collector and free availability of solar energy sources attract attention to the optimization of the collector. This study aims to assess the effect of double pass air flow on the performance of flat plate air collectors. The analysis of the performance characteristics of the indirect solar dryer was carried out by CFD simulation with three different smooth, rough and V-grooved surfaces, keeping the lower and lateral collector well insulated and the drying chamber acting as a vertical chimney. The average thermal efficiency of the V-grooved surface, smooth surface, and rough surface is 90%, 78%, and 62% respectively. The total area of the collector is 1.20 × 2.0 = 2.40 m2 with the dimension of drying cabinet width, depth, and height 1200 × 650 × 1000 mm respectively. The pressure drop observed at the entrance to the drying chamber is high in the case of a smooth surface, medium in a rough surface and low in a V-grooved plate which will allow sufficient gas pressure to pass through completely.The air mass flow rate is the most important and effective factor during drying. The humidity of the air, as well as air velocity, is also an important factor in improving the drying rate.
Highlights
The flat plate solar collector is a simple device that uses incident solar radiation to obtain solar energy for numerous applications
Heat absorber has an invaluable role in enhancing the collector thermal efficiency, moisture to be removed and reducing the drying rate
The solar collector is affected by properties of dryer material, while humidity and mass flow rate of air is strongly influencing the collector efficiency
Summary
The flat plate solar collector is a simple device that uses incident solar radiation to obtain solar energy for numerous applications. It converts solar radiation into heat by heating air or water and distributing it for use. Different modifications were suggested and applied to improve the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the convective medium. Priyam and Chand, (2016) suggest that collector efficiency can be improved by attaching fins to the absorber to extend the heat transfer area. Handoyo et al, (2016) conclude from his analysis that application of obstacles to the solar air heater enhances the convection heat transfer between the air and the absorber plate due to turbulences. Efficiency will be improved, but will increase the drop in air pressure
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