Performance analysis of a dense millimeter wave IoT network

Network coding provides a powerful mechanism for improving performance of communication networks. In this paper, we present an analytical approach for per-flow performance analysis in network coding. Prior work on performance analysis in network coding mainly focuses on the throughput of the overall network. Our approach aims to analyze the end-to-end performance of each flow in the network. The theoretical basis of our approach is Real-Time Calculus (RTC). Under the framework of RTC, we obtain theoretical formulations for computing the backlog and delay bounds of flows in network coding. Based on the formulations, we evaluate the per-flow performance in representative scenarios and investigate the effect of coding opportunities. Numerical results show that the coding opportunities at coding nodes can significantly affect the end-to-end performance of flows in network coding.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have become popular in industries for measurement of process parameters like temperature, vibration, humidity etc. For the past few years, research and development efforts have increased to implement WSN technology in nuclear industry also. For this, wireless hardware and software must have a record of reliable performance along with verification and validation testing. In order to prove the robustness of WSN technology and to gain enough experience before deploying WSN in nuclear reactor environment, several hardware and software developments, experimental WSN deployments have been carried out in Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR). Prior to WSN deployments, experiments have been conducted in computer division by establishing test network to analyze various performance metrics. The test network was established with nodes communicating using ZigBee standard and the performance results specific to the configured transceiver, have been analyzed and used in various experimental deployments. This paper describes about the test network setup and performance analysis of the network.

The rise of IoT has made possible the development of personalized services, like industrial services that often deal with massive amounts of data. However, as IoT grows, its threats are even greater. The false data injection (FDI) attack stands out as being one of the most harmful to data networks like IoT. The majority of current systems to handle this attack do not take into account the data validation, especially on the data clustering service. This work introduces CONFINIT, an intrusion detection system against FDI attacks on the data dissemination service into dense IoT. It combines watchdog surveillance and collaborative consensus among IoT devices for getting the swift detection of attackers. CONFINIT was evaluated in the NS-3 simulator into a dense industrial IoT and it has gotten detection rates of 99%, 3.2% of false negative and 3.6% of false positive rates, adding up to 35% in clustering without FDI attackers.

From the Publisher: Performance Analysis of Telecommunications and Local Area Networks presents information on teletraffic engineering with emphasis on modeling techniques, queuing theory, and performance analysis for the public switched telephone network and computer communication networks. Performance Analysis of Telecommunications and Local Area Networks is a useful reference for practicing engineers which can also be used as a textbook in advanced level courses.

A system designed for supporting the network performance analysis and forecast effort is presented, based on the combination of offline network analysis and online real-time performance forecast. The off-line analysis will perform analysis of specific network node performance, correlation analysis of relative network nodes performance and evolutionary mathematical modeling of long-term network performance measurements. The online real-time network performance forecast will be based on one so-called hybrid prediction modeling approach for short-term network, performance prediction and trend analysis. Based on the module design, the system proposed has good intelligence, scalability and self-adaptability, which will offer highly effective network performance analysis and forecast tools for network managers, and is one ideal support platform for network performance analysis and forecast effort.

In order to eliminate hidden problems and prevent failures in power communication network in advance, a reliability analysis and risk warning strategy of power communication network based on SG-EA architecture is proposed, which includes the processes of establishing a common data model for resources, establishing protection relationship model, and risk warning of power communication network. A hierarchical quantitative standard algorithm of communication network risk warning indicators is proposed to clearly and quantitatively classify the levels of communication network risk warning. The indicator warning and indicator-trend warning fusion algorithm is designed to realize the comprehensive analysis of power communication network, so as to obtain the risk warning results of graded disposition. This strategy can use the performance collection and analysis of network and equipment to control the trend of resource changes, so as to arrange proactive and targeted risk pre-control or maintenance work before the occurrence of failure.

Smart Cities, IoT and Smart Grid development needs solid and steady communication infrastructures to support the diversity and high number of applications. RF-mesh is one of the most popular wireless technology in those context since it allows to connect a large number of nodes in a mesh topology. To study the suitability of a network infrastructure for the applications requirement, network performance analysis is needed. This paper proposes a novel Markov-modulated model for the performance analysis of large scale RF-mesh networks for smart cities applications. The instances are build using Geographical Information System (GIS) data in order to maintain fitness to actually implemented RF-Mesh systems. The model is characterized by a high scalability (e.g., thousands of nodes) and a limited computational time (i.e., in the order of some minutes). The model also takes into account implementation details, such as retransmission probability, buffer size and a precise wireless interference analysis, which are not thoroughly considered in previous RF-Mesh performance literature.

To analyze the optimum stimulating parameters and acupoint combination law of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment of post-stroke sequelae (PSS) through the network visual data mining and analysis of the literature，so as to provide reference for clinical application. The related articles of acupuncture treatment of PSS patients published from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2021 were collected from databases of CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu（VIP), SinoMed, CHAOXING, DUXIU, PubMed, Ovid, Embase and Cochrane Library. After the articles were screened according to our formulated inclusion and exclusion criteria, a "Clinical Literature Database of EA Treatment of PSS" was established. The SPSS Modeler14.1 software was used for modeling (by using the parameters of EA, types of apoplexy sequelae, names of acupoints, methods of acupoint matching, acupoint-attributed meridians, etc.) and association rule analysis, and the Cytoscape 3.6.0 software was used for data network visualization analysis. A total of 354 articles were collected, including 13 types of PSS, among which the hemi-plegia accounts for the highest proportion (51.13%), followed by depression (17.51%) and dysphagia (14.97%). A total of 228 acupoints are used, with a total frequency-time of 1 690. Among the 8 PSS (hemiplegia, depression, dysphagia, cognitive impairment, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, speech disorders, constipation) with the frequency of application of acupoints greater than or equal to 3, 275 articles are involved, with the frequency of dense wave being the highest (123 times), followed by continuous waves (95 times). The stimulation frequency of EA appears 275 times, with the low frequency being the highest (188 times). For hemiplegia type of PSS, low frequency and continuous waves or dense waves are mostly used, and the high correlation acupoint groups are Zusanli(ST36)/Hegu(LI4), LI4/Quchi(LI11) and ST36/LI11. For depression, low frequency and dense waves are mostly used, and the high correlation acupoint groups are Baihui(GV20)/Yintang(EX-HN3), GV20/Shenting(GV24) and GV20/Neiguan(PC6). For swallowing disorder, the mostly used stimulation parameter is low frequency, and the high correlation acupoint groups are Lianquan(CV23)/ST36/Fenglong(ST40), Tongli(HT5)/Yifeng(TE17)/PC6/ST40, and TE17/HT5/PC6/LI4. EA therapy is frequently used in the treatment of PSS, for which ST36, LI4 and LI11 are most frequently used in the treatment of hemiplegia, with the stimulation parameters being low-frequency and continuous waves or dense waves. For depression, GV20, EX-HN3, GV24 and PC6 are used, with the stimulation parameters being low frequency and dense waves. For dysphagia, CV23, HT5, TE17, PC6, ST36, ST40 and LI4 are employed, with low frequency electrical stimulation.

This paper presents a novel approach to the performance analysis of optical packet switching bus-based networks with unslotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol. Because of the interdependence among bus nodes, an accurate performance analysis of such networks has been an open question for a long time. We model the bus as a multiple-priority M/G/1 queuing system with preemptive-repeat-identical (PRI) service discipline. To solve this model, we use a recurrent level-by-level analysis technique where the interference from higher levels (upstream nodes) is taken into account in terms of reappearance and disappearance rates for the server. The key features of this method are as follows. First, it specifically accounts for the distribution of voids seen by a node (via the number of attempts before a successful transmission) as a function of the node’s position and offered network load. Second, it approximately computes the queue-length distribution at each node, and thus provides a tool for buffer size selection so as to meet a loss rate criterion. A comparison of our approximate model solution with network simulations indicates that our model generally offers good accuracy in assessing the performance of the network, including in terms of the queue-length distribution. Occasionally, the results of our model may deviate from simulation results. A discussion of the causes of such deviations, most likely to occur when nodes are close to saturation, offers additional insight into the properties of the bus-based network and its approximate solution.

Banyan networks comprise a large class of networks that have been used for interconnection in large-scale multiprocessors and telephone switching systems. Regular variants of Banyan networks, such as delta and butterfly networks, have been used in multiprocessors such as the IBM RP3 and the BBN Butterfly. Analysis of the performance of Banyan networks has typically focused on these regular variants. We present a methodology for performance analysis of unbuffered Banyan multistage interconnection networks. The methodology has two novel features: it allows analysis of networks where some inputs are more likely to be active than others, and allows analysis of Banyan networks of arbitrary topology.

This paper analyzes the ergodic capacity of a user-centric virtual cell (VC) dense network, where multiple access points (APs) form a VC for each user equipment (UE) and transmit data cooperatively over millimeter wave (mmWave) channels. Different from traditional microwave radio communications, blockage phenomena have an important effect on mmWave transmissions. Accordingly, we adopt a distance-dependent line-of-sight (LOS) probability function and model the locations of the LOS and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) APs as two independent non-homogeneous Poisson point processes (PPP). Invoking this model in a VC dense network, new expressions are derived for the downlink ergodic capacity, accounting for: blockage, small-scale fading and AP cooperation. In particular, we compare the ergodic capacity for different types of fading distributions, including Rayleigh and Nakagami. Numerical results validate our analytical expressions and show that AP cooperation can provide notable capacity gain, especially in low-AP-density regions.

Densifying the network and deploying more antennas at each access point are two principal ways to boost the capacity of wireless networks. However, due to the complicated distributions of random signal and interference channel gains, largely induced by various space-time processing techniques, it is highly challenging to quantitatively characterize the performance of dense multi-antenna networks. In this paper, using tools from stochastic geometry, a tractable framework is proposed for the analytical evaluation of such networks. The major result is an innovative representation of the coverage probability, as an induced ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -norm of a Toeplitz matrix. This compact representation incorporates lots of existing analytical results on single-and multi-antenna networks as special cases, and its evaluation is almost as simple as the single-antenna case with Rayleigh fading. To illustrate its effectiveness, we apply the proposed framework to investigate two kinds of prevalent dense wireless networks, i.e., physical layer security aware networks and millimeter-wave networks. In both examples, in addition to tractable analytical results of relevant performance metrics, insightful design guidelines are also analytically obtained.

Over the last decade short-range communications in the terahertz band have been extensively studied as a technology-enabler for dense and ultra-dense wireless networks. Recent advances in miniaturized terahertz transceivers design promise wireless connectivity and simultaneous interaction between thousands of devices. However, the feasibility of network-wide communications is still an open issue due to specific features of the terahertz band and inherent properties of dense deployments. We address this issue developing an analytical model for interference and SINR assessment in dense terahertz networks obtaining the first two moments and density functions for both metrics. Our results demonstrate that the presence of molecular noise does not qualitatively affect the behavior of SINR, while its quantitative effect is of secondary importance compared to interference. The presented approach provides the so-far missing building block for performance analysis of prospective dense terahertz networks.

In this paper, we conduct performance analysis for uplink (UL) massive multiple input and multiple output (mMI-MO) networks using stochastic geometry. With the consideration of practical system assumptions, such as sophisticated path loss model incorporating both line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) transmissions and a finite user equipment (UE) density, we derive the coverage probability and the area spectral efficiency (ASE) performance. In particular, we adopt a practical user association strategy (UAS) based on the smallest pathloss since we differentiate LoS and NLoS transmissions, and we consider the correlation among the positions of UEs and base stations (BSs) in realistic networks. From our simulation and analytical results, we find that the performance impacts of the probabilistic LoS/NLoS transmissions and a finite UE density on UL mMIMO networks are significant. More specifically, the coverage probability performance suffers from a moderate decrease or even a severe degradation when the UE density becomes large in sparse mMIMO networks. Moreover, our results indicate that there exists an optimal BS density to maximize the sum spectral efficiency per BS. However, the ASE performance keeps growing with network densification.

In this paper, we explore the issue of connection provisioning and performance analysis in WDM network ensuring the QoS requirement of the connection requests from the client in the network. Each connection request can be specified with a Q-Factor requirement which is defined in terms of bandwidth and delay associated with the light path. The paper discusses the improvement in blocking probably for incoming requests while performing routing by proposed algorithm and the traditional shortest path algorithm.