Abstract
目的 深入了解新生儿消化道穿孔X线表现,并对发病部位与发病原因及预后评估进行探讨.方法对照分析了24例临床手术资料与X线征象.结果各种位置X线检查发现气腹23例,大量气腹7例,中量气腹11例,少量气腹5例.气腹的X线征象除膈下游离气体外,在卧位或水平侧位片还可见足球征13例,镰状韧带征12例,铅笔征或Rigler氏征10例,黑三角征3例.气腹以外的其它征象是:胃泡影消失6例,肠管少气11例,肠管充气增多12例,肠管无气1例,肠间隙增宽12例,肠壁积气5例,腹腔液体增多15例,外围肠管可见气粪混合征3例.肠穿孔原因:胃壁先天性肌层缺损5例,各种先天性小肠畸形6例,结肠和直肠畸形4例,坏死性小肠结肠炎7例,胎粪性腹膜炎1例.结论 X线检查仍然是发现新生儿消化道穿孔的重要首选方法,对穿孔的原因和预后评估有一定帮助。
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