Perfiles Antimicrobianos de Bacterias Subgingivales en Pacientes con Periodontitis en Colombia

Abstract

BackgroundIn vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms associated to periodontitis has showed different results among world populations. In Latin America, few studies have described antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathogens. This study determined antimicrobial susceptibility of some bacteria isolated from healthy and periodontitis Colombian patients for six commonly used antimicrobials as adjunctive therapy for periodontal disease treatment. MethodsIsolates of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (n=23), Porphyromonas gingivalis (n=74), Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens (n=38), Tannerella forsythia (n=8), Enterobacteriaceae (n=89) and non fermenters Gram negative rods (n=26) from subgingival samples of 127 patients with chronic periodontitis, 68 with aggressive periodontitis and 11 healthy /gingivitis patients were tested by means of the E-test®. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, azythromicin and clindamycin was tested for each isolate. ResultsHigh antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathogens was found to most of tested antimicrobials. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans showed resistance to metronidazole, amoxicillin and clindamycin and P. intermedia/nigrescens showed resistance to most of tested antimicrobials. No differences of susceptibilities to antimicrobials were observed between periodontal diagnoses. Gram negative rods were resistant to amoxicillin and susceptible to ciprofloxacin. ConclusionsAntimicrobial supportive therapy for the treatment of Colombian patients affected with periodontitis should be carefully administered considering that there is a great variability of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents among periodontopathic species.