Perbanyakan dan Konservasi In Vitro Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schoot)

Abstract

<p>Taro is a potential source of carbohydrate<br />for anticipation of climate change. In vitro technology have<br />not been widely implemented for tuber crops conservation.<br />Conservation of the crops is mostly conducted in field. Such<br />conservation is very susceptible to biotic and abiotic stress.<br />The research consisted of two activities i.e: micropropagation<br />and conservation. The objectives were to obtain taro in<br />vitro propagation and conservation method. The trial was<br />arranged in a factorial design with six replications. Five taro<br />accessions were used as the first factor for each study. The<br />second factor in propagation study was propagation medium<br />i.e: MS; MS + 2.9 μM IAA + 4.4 μM BA and MS + 2.9 μM IAA<br />+ 22,2 μM BA. Shoot tip from taro sucker was used as<br />explant. The second factor in conservation study was MS<br />medium containing mannitol (0, 30, 40, and 50 g/l). Twoleaves<br />in vitro shoots from micropropagation study was used<br />as explants. The addition of BA in MS medium + 2.9 μM IAA<br />increased the number of shoot of taro germplasm. The best<br />medium for micropropagation of taro germplasm No. 21 and<br />Talas Jahe is MS + 2,9 μM IAA + 4,4 μM BA, whereas the<br />best medium for No. 503, Talas Jahe and Lumbu Banten is<br />MS + 2,9 μM IAA + 22,2 μM BA. Based on data of plant<br />height, percentage of leaf life and shelf life, MS medium +<br />manitol 40 g/l was the best medium for taro germplasm<br />conservation with prolong sub-culture interval.</p>