Abstract

Penguburan atau menempatkan mayat pada suatu tempat yang lebih tinggi adalah bentuk penghormatan serta salah satu kepercayaan akan adanya kehidupan setelah mati. Di pulau Sulawesi terdapat tradisi menempatkan mayat pada tebing-tebing alam yang dipahat menjadi rongga-rongga berbentuk persegi. Tradisi penempatan mayat yang disebut kubur tebing ditemukan di dua kawasan yang berjauhan lokasinya, yaitu di Toraut di Sulawesi bagian utara dan di Toraja di Sulawesi bagian selatan. Berdasarkan observasi lapangan dan informasi penduduk setempat, diketahui bahwa tinggalan kubur tebing di Toraut sudah tidak digunakan lagi. Masyarakat setempat di Toraut sekarang tidak mengenal lagi penguburan jenazah di tebing-tebing. Berbeda halnya pada masyarakat di Toraja, yang sampai sekarang masih melangsungkan tradisi penguburan di tebing-tebing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami pemilihan lokasi tebing, bentuk rongga pahatan, dan cara penguburan di tebing di Toraut dan Toraja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif- analitis. Data dikumpulkan melalui tinjauan pustaka terkait kubur tebing di Toraut dan Toraja, identifikasi secara langsung pada rongga-rongga pahatan di tebing, dan melakukan wawancara dengan penduduk di sekitar kubur tebing di Toraut dan Toraja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaaan pada pemilihan lokasi tebing untuk penguburan, pada bentuk rongga pahatan, dan cara meletakkan mayat dalam rongga-rongga pahatan di kubur tebing di Toraut dan Toraja. 
 Burial or placing a cadaver on higher ground is a form of respect and a belief in the existence of life after death. On the island of Sulawesi (Celebes), there is a tradition of placing cadavers on natural cliffs carved into square-shaped cavities. Such cliff niches are called cliff tombs and they can be found on two opposite regions of the island, in Toraut in northern Sulawesi and Toraja in southern Sulawesi. Based on field observations and information from residents, it is known that the cliff tombs in Toraut are no longer used. Local people in Toraut today no longer recognize the tradition of cadaver burials on cliffs. This is different for the people in Toraja, who still carry out the tradition of burial on cliffs. This research aims to understand the choice of cliff location, the shape of the carving cavity, and the method of burial on cliffs in Toraut and Toraja. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytic. Data was collected through a literature review regarding cliff graves in Toraut and Toraja, direct identification of carved cavities in cliffs, and conducting interviews with residents around cliff graves in Toraut and Toraja. The results of the research show that there are differences in the choice of cliff locations for burial, in the shape of the carving cavities, and in the way, the body is placed in the carving cavities in cliff graves in Toraut and Toraja.

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