Perbaikan Kondisi Kerja Melalui SHIP Approach Ergonomic Meningkatkan Kualitas Kesehatan dan Produktivitas Pada Pekerja Peyulingan Minyak Cengkeh

Introduction: Many patient care activities and carried out for a long duration of time can trigger nurses to not realize that every movement they make has the potential for incorrect or abnormal postures. Infusion installation and wound care activities that are not ergonomic, such as standing with your back bent and your neck statically bent for long periods of time, have the potential to cause complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). The longer of working period, the higher of potential for experiencing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints. Objective: Determine the description of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints, the relationship between work posture and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints and the relationship between work experience and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints. Method: This type of research is quantitative with a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out with the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire instruments and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) form on 34 emergency room nurses at RSUD Gambiran Kota Kediri. Result: the majority of nurses had a moderate level of work posture risk and have a long service life (> 6 years). The most common complaints experienced by nurses are in the right shoulder, back and waist. Based on the hypothesis test, working posture with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) was found to be (p-value 0.033) < 0.05 and work period with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) was obtained (p-value 0.048) < 0.05. Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between work posture and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) and a significant relationship between work period and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).

The human body has been designed to be able to carry out daily activities and has a large muscle mass in weight exceeding half the body weight that makes humans able to move their bodies. Data from the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) report shows that MSDs cases are the most common cases of PAK found in workers in various fields of work, where MSDs cases account for 45% of the total PAK cases. This study included quantitative research with an analytical observational type of research. The research design used was cross sectional. The population of this study was all workers of line I production and repetition unit at PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk. Pasuruan with a total sample of 35 people. Respondents who had complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) at a mild level of 40% were as many as 14 workers. Then respondents who had complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) at a moderate level of 37.1%, namely as many as 13 workers. While respondents who had complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) at a high level of 22.9%, namely as many as 8 workers. There is a significant relationship between age and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) with p-value of 0.000 with a value of r = 0.23 which shows a weak correlation. In addition, there is also a significant relationship between water consumption and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) with a p-value of 0.000 with a value of r = -0.705 which shows a strong correlation. There is a relationship between the variables of age and water consumption with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). While there was no relationship between work posture and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).

Background: one of the problems related to the health of workers is musculoskeletal disorder. Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders include occupational posture and mechanical vibration. This study investigates the relationship between musculoskeletal disorder complaints with work posture and mechanical vibration. Method: The study aims to determine the relationship between work posture and the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders. This research is an observational analysis with cross-section approaches, samples of this research using the total working population of 110 units of spinning workers in the PT Bintang Makmur Sentosa Textile Industry (BMSTI). Data collection techniques with observations and filling questionnaires. Worker posture and mechanical vibration were measured by the REBA assessment method, as well as the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) complaints measured via the Nordic Body map (NBM) sheet filling. Data was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: Spearman test correlation suggests that there is a significant link between the musculoskeletal disorder complaints with the work posture p=0.000; r=0.819 and mechanical vibration p=0.000; r=0.951. The influence of work posture and mechanical vibration in the complaint of musculoskeletal disorders as much as 91.8%. Conclusion: there are a significant relationship and influence between work posture and mechanical vibration with the complaint of musculoskeletal disorders.

The relationship of posture working with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the weaver West Sulawesi Indonesia

Refill Drinking Water Depot workers rely on physical strength to work, so they are at risk of experiencing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints. Based on the initial survey, 13 out of 15 workers (86.7%) experienced MSDs. This research aims to determine the relationship between individual and work factors and MSD complaints among refill drinking water depot workers in Padang City. The study used a cross-sectional design. We collected data from November 2022 to July 2023 with a sample of 83 people, selected using proportional random sampling techniques. The dependent variable in this study is complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (high risk if NBM score > 20). The independent variables are age (at risk ³ 35 years), work period (at risk ³ five years), smoking habits (at risk if IB values ³ 200), Working posture (at stake if REBA score ³ 7), physical workload (at risk if ³ 100 beats/minute) and BMI (at risk if < 17 and > 25). Data analysis uses univariate and bivariate analysis (chi-square test). The results of the study showed that 71.1% of workers experienced MSD complaints, 34.9% of workers with a risky age, 19.3% of workers with a problematic work period, 32.5% of workers had a smoking habit, 9.6% of workers with a risky BMI, all workers are not at risk of physical workload and 56.6% of workers work with dangerous work postures. The bivariate test results showed that there was no significant relationship between the variables age (p=0.954), years of service (p=0.192), smoking habits (p=0.233), BMI (p=0.330), and work posture (p=0.499) with complaints of MSD. There was no relationship between age, length of service, smoking habits, BMI, and work posture with MSD complaints. We recommended that business owners collaborate with the Community Health Center to provide education about ergonomics when working for refill drinking water depot workers.

Background: Workers in informal sector such as loading and unloading workers have a risk of experiencing health disorder of occupational disease such as musculoskeletloadingal disorders (MSDs). Such complain usually occurs on spine (back and neck) and upper limb. Most of the loading and unloading workers work using manual material handling, such as loading, unloading, pushing, pulling, throwing, moving, or rotating loads using their hands or other body parts. Such work method has musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) risk, including low back pain. There are several factors causing the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) including individual factors (age and gender), work factors (workload and work posture), and work environment factors. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the direct and indirect effects of age and workload with work posture as an intervening variable against musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on loading and unloading workers at PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero) of Makassar Branch. Methods: The current research applied analytical observation with a Cross-Sectional approach involving 140 respondents selected through a simple random sampling technique. This research was further carried out at Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero) of Makassar Branch in April-May 2021. Data obtained were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results: There were 65 respondents (46.4%) who suffered from musculoskeletal disorder complaints in the high category followed by 53 respondents (37.9%) who suffered from musculoskeletal complaints in the very high category. It was also obtained that workload significantly affected the work position variable (p = 0.000 <0.05), age significantly affected the work posture variable (p = 0.000 <0.05), workload significantly affected the musculoskeletal disorders variable (p = 0.000 <0.05), and work posture significantly affected the musculoskeletal disorder variable (p = 0.000 <0.05). Conclusion: A significant indirect effect between workload and musculoskeletal disorders complaints through work posture variables. Significant indirect effect was also found between age and musculoskeletal disorder complaints through work posture. In addition, the highest category of low back pain complaints is in moderate disability.

Introduction: Unergonomic working posture is one of the causes of musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can be affected by factors such as working hours, age, and posture. If the working posture is not done correctly, it may cause disorders of the muscles, bones, tendons, and nervous system. This study aims to analyze the correlation of working posture toward complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on pipeline installation workers of a state-owned water utility company (PDAM). Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive qualitative with a cross-sectional design. The sample in the study consisted of 30 workers selected by a total sampling method. The variables in this study were working postures whose data were obtained using the Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC) instrument and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) whose data were obtained using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) instrument. The data analysis used in this study was a gamma correlation test. Results: According to the results obtained, for actions that need to be investigated further and changed soon, 55.6% had a high category, and 44.4% had a very high category of musculoskeletal complaints. Meanwhile, in the category of acts that need to be investigated and changed immediately, 15.4% had moderate musculoskeletal complaints, 15.4% had high musculoskeletal complaints, and 69.2% had very high musculoskeletal complaints. According to the results of the correlation test between the working posture variable and the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), the significance value obtained was 0.000 and the coefficient value obtained was 0.752. Conclusion: There was a significant and strong positive relationship between the two variables, that is, the higher the working posture value, the higher the main complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).Keywords: work posture, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), pipeline installation workers

Inadequate ergonomic conditions at work can lead to the development of muscle and skeletal ailments, such as Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). The construction sector, for instance, is a common setting where these MSDs occur due to non-ergonomic practices. Several factors, including work posture and smoking habits, play a role in influencing the onset of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Construction workers may experience MSDs as a consequence of unfavorable work postures that lack ergonomic considerations. The aim of this investigation is to explore the interconnections between work posture, smoking habits, and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among the construction workers at the Dewi Sinta Residence housing project in Gunung Kidul Regency.This study employs a cross-sectional quantitative approach and was conducted at the Dewi Sinta Residence housing project in Gunung Kidul Regency, involving 60 participants. Data collection utilized the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and the REBA worksheet. Data analysis involved univariate and bivariate analyses as well as the Chi-Square statistical test. The research findings indicate that work posture (p value = 0.00 < 0.05) and smoking habits (p value = 0.003 < 0.05) are associated with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).This study reveals a significant correlation between work posture and smoking habits and the occurrence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), they should do short stretching to reduce the pain complained.

Unnatural work postures or awkward work postures are work postures in which the body moves away from its natural position, such as a back that is too bent, hands in a raised position, squatting, body twisting, and so on. Complaints on the musculoskeletal system are complaints on parts of the skeletal muscles that are felt by a person. If the muscles receive static loads repeatedly and for a long time, it can cause complaints in the form of damage to joints, ligaments and tendons. Whereas in Indonesia, based on the results of basic health research (Riskesdas, 2013), the prevalence of joint disease based on the results of diagnoses by health workers in Indonesia is 11.9% and based on diagnoses or symptoms, 24.7%.This study aims to determine the relationship between work posture and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in workers in the cyclamate production department at PT. Batang Alum Industrie with correlation description research design, cross sectional approach, a sample of 74 employees and total sampling technique. The results of the rank spearman test analysis found a significant relationship between work posture and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in workers in the cyclamate production department at PT. Batang Alum Industrie results in a sig value of 0.000 (ƿ > 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.409.Companies should provide training or guidance regarding good work posture according to ergonomics to workers so that workers apply and know good and correct work postures so that workers are comfortable at work. Workers should stretch their muscles to take advantage of their rest hours by doing muscle relaxation movements for about 5-10 minutes to improve blood circulation throughout the body.

Complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common in workers with a reasonably heavy workload, such as workers at refill drinking water depots. MSDs can be caused by repetitive activities such as daily bending, lifting and lowering liters of drinking water refills. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of MSDs among workers at refilled drinking water filling depots and analyze the dominant factors that influence MSDs. This study was quantitative research with an analytical survey using a cross-sectional design conducted in Simpang Selayang Village, Medan City, Indonesia. A total of 40 refilled drinking water depot workers were involved in this study with a comprehensive sampling approach. Data was collected directly by distributing questionnaires to workers at refill drinking water filling depots. Data were tested statistically using the Chi-Square test and logistic regression. The analysis showed that work posture, workload, tenure and length of work are associated with MSDs complaints. The results of the logistic regression test showed that the dominant variable influencing MSDs complaints is work posture. Refillable drinking water depot workers with non-ergonomic working postures were likely to experience MSDs complaints 11 times as often as those with ergonomic work postures. The findings highlight the need for local health agencies to educate or empower workers at water refilling stations regarding MSDs complaints. Musculoskeletal disorders associated with work involving heavy loads could be prevented if workers know ergonomic work postures well. In addition, adequate rest is recommended to avoid musculoskeletal injuries.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the leading causes of sick leave and disability in many countries. Cashier jobs have a high risk of MSDs due to static work postures and repetitive movements. Several studies have identified ergonomic risk factors in cashier workers but studies using CMDQ and REBA in analyzing the risk of MSDs in workers are still limited. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors causing MSDs in cashier workers and identify the relationship of individual and occupational factors to MSDs complaints. This study involved 114 self-service cashier workers aged 18-55 years. Data were collected through the completion of demographic questionnaires, CMDQ forms and work posture analysis using REBA. REBA results show that 1.8% of workers have low risk, 77.2% of workers have work postures with moderate risk levels, 18.4% of workers have high risk, and 2.6% have very high risk so that further investigation and changes to posture are needed. Results from the CMDQ showed that the highest prevalence of pain was in the right leg (86.8%), left leg (84.2%), and lower back (76.3%). Significant risk factors included age (p = 2.781 x 10-8), length of service (p = 6.66 x 10-11), body mass index (p = 1.47 x 10-7), gender (p = 0.005), and work posture measured using REBA (p = 2.2 x 10-16). Kendall-Tau test also showed a positive relationship between these variables and MSDs complaints. This study shows that cashier workers with high work posture risk have a greater prevalence of MSDs. Multiple linear regression tests showed that the dominant factors causing MSDs complaints in cashier workers were posture and workstation height. Ergonomic recommendations are needed to reduce the risk of MSDs, especially for workers with high risk levels.

The production process of soybean tofu involves several stages, including soaking, grinding, cooking, filtering, coagulating, molding, and packaging. The workers’ activities are monotonous and typically performed in a prolonged sitting posture that lacks ergonomic support. Such non-ergonomic working postures combined with repetitive tasks can lead to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) complaints among workers. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of chair-based stretching exercises on MSD complaints among tofu factory workers in Bandungan. This study employed a quasi-experimental approach with a non-equivalent control group design. The study sample consisted of 25 respondents in the treatment group and 25 respondents in the control group, selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. The instrument used to measure MSD complaints was the numerical rating scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney statistical test. The results showed that prior to the intervention, the level of MSD pain was categorized as moderate and after the implementation of chair-based stretching exercises, the pain level decreased to a mild category. Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant difference in MSD complaints between the treatment and control groups. Therefore, chair-based stretching exercises are significantly effective in reducing MSD complaints among tofu industry workers.

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Musculoskeletal complaints refer to discomfort or pain in the musculoskeletal system, ranging from mild to severe. One type of job that is particularly prone to musculoskeletal disorders is copra work, primarily due to poor working posture. This study aims to analyze the effect of working posture on musculoskeletal disorder complaints among copra workers in Tanjung Balai, Asahan Regency. The study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design, conducted in Bandar Jawa Village, Tanjung Balai Subdistrict, Asahan Regency, from December 2023 to February 2024. The study population consisted of all 139 copra workers in Bandar Jawa Village, and a sample of 104 workers was selected using the Slovin formula. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling. Data were collected through surveys and questionnaires administered to respondents. The research instruments used were the Nordic Body Map and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) evaluation sheet. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, with three stages: univariate analysis using frequency, bivariate analysis using simple linear regression, and multivariate analysis using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results showed that working posture significantly affected musculoskeletal disorder complaints, moderated by smoking habits, with a p-value of 0.001. It can be concluded that smoking exacerbates the negative effects of poor working posture on musculoskeletal health, increasing the risk of injury and slowing recovery. It is recommended that copra workers take preventive measures against musculoskeletal disorder complaints by improving their work environment, paying attention to rest periods, engaging in light relaxation exercises, and that employers provide education on worker safety and health to copra workers.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong> <strong><em>Musculoskeletal disorders, Smoking, Work posture</em></strong></p>

Background. Musculoskeletal complaints refer to issues within the skeletal muscles experienced by an individual, varying from slight discomfort to severe agony. An improper working posture significantly increases the likelihood of musculoskeletal diseases, particularly in the lumbar and cervical regions. At the Sri Tanjung cracker facility in Kenanga Indramayu Village, there were reports of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) with differing incidence rates, including symptoms of pain in the back, neck, waist, shoulders, arms, and wrists. A continually adopted ergonomically unsound work posture, along with large workloads and extended durations, can jeopardize worker safety. Aims. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between work posture and the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among employees at a cracker factory. Methods. The employed methodology was an analytical study utilizing a cross-sectional design. The research population encompasses all employees in the production department of the Sri Tanjung cracker factory, totaling around 50 individuals, which constitutes the entire population—data analysis with Pearson's chi-squared statistical tests. Result. The study identified work position as the statistically significant variable influencing the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) (p = 0.031). Conclusion. Work posture is a contributing factor to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among workers at the Sri Tanjung cracker industry. Implementation. Consequently, manufacturing workers can enhance their awareness of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) via social media platforms, improve their work posture, and engage in stretching exercises for limbs subjected to awkward positions.

Background: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are common health issues that can cause discomfort in joints, muscles, bones, cartilage, ligaments, and nerves. Workers in the textile industry, especially in the convection bussiness, are at high risk of developing MSDs due to less ergonomic working positions. Methods: This research uses quantitative methods with a cross-sectional design to assess the relationship between work position and MSD complaints among tailors at PT Garment Batam in 2024. The sampling method used is total sampling, where all 43 tailors at PT Garment Batam are included as research subjects. The chi-square and fisher test will be used for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the results of the fisher test, a p-value of 0.005 (p < 0.05) was obtained. This indicates a significant relationship between work position and musculoskeletal disorder complaints among tailors at PT Garment Batam in 2024. Conclusion:. This research concludes that poor working positions can increase the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) complaints among tailors at PT Garment Batam in 2024. Keywords: Work Posture, complaints of musculoskeletal disorders, Tailors