Pengaruh Green Accounting dan Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Profitabilitas: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Many environmental problems are caused by the company's operating activities which form the basis of this research, aiming to find out the application of green accounting and environmental performance to financial performance in concept rahmatan lil alamin. The method used in this research uses quantitative research methods. The population in this study are companies that are nominated to win the green industry award in 2021. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method with three criteria which resulted in 40 companies that were worthy of observation. This study uses multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program. In this study, variables of green accounting are measured by environmental cost indicators, environmental performance variables using the PROPER rating value, and financial performance variables using ROA. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that green accounting and environmental performance variables do not affect a company's financial performance. However, if the company has implemented green accounting then in line with the concept of Islamic economics which explains that welfare is carried out through fulfilling basic human needs, eliminating all difficulties and inconveniences, and increasing the quality of life morally and materially.

This study aims to see whether green accounting, environmental performance and company size can affect company performance moderated by CSR for the 2016-2020 period. This study uses a panel data regression method with a sample of companies listed in PRPOPER. The results show that partially green accounting and environmental performance variables can affect companies in implementing CSR while the size variable can not have an effect, as well as in the next results only environmental performance variables that can affect financial performance while green accounting, size and CSR have no effect on financial performance. An interesting finding is that green accounting which is a cost that must be incurred for CSR activities does not affect financial performance where this indicates that companies that implement CSR consider that environmental costs have been treated as operating costs in general.

This study aims to identify and analyze the impact of green accounting implementation and environmental performance on corporate financial performance. The population of this study is manufacturing companies in the basic industry and chemical sectors that will be listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2022. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method with three criteria, resulting in 15 companies worth observing. This study uses multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program. In this study, green accounting variables are measured using the dummy method, environmental performance variables are measured using PROPER evaluation values, and financial performance variables are measured using ROA. Based on the analysis results, it is shown that green accounting and environmental performance variables do not affect the financial performance of companies.

Management of customary forests through green accounting is an important approach in efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Customary forests, which constitute an important cultural and ecological heritage for local communities, are often threatened by unsustainable exploitation (deforestation) activities. Therefore, Green Accounting is a business concept that focuses on the efficiency and effectiveness of long-term resource use in integrating the customary forest environmental functions and providing social benefits. Therefore, the implementation of green accounting in customary forest management aims to measure and monitor the economic, social and environmental impacts of extractive activities on these forests. This research aims to analyze the relationship between digital green accounting variables on financial performance, environmental performance on sustainable development and digital green accounting towards sustainable development. This research method is quantitative causal which tests the relationship between several variables. The population of this research is indigenous community leaders and the sample of respondents for this research is 432 indigenous community leaders determined using a simple random sampling method. Data analysis for this research uses structural equation modelling (SEM) partial least squares (PLS) with data processing tools using SmartPLS 4.0 software. Research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires using social media. The independent variables of this research are digital green accounting, environmental performance and the dependent variable is sustainable development. The stages of research data analysis are the outer model test including reliability and validity tests and the inner model test including termination tests and hypothesis tests. Based on the results of data analysis, it is concluded that digital green accounting has a positive and significant relationship to financial performance, environmental performance has a positive and significant relationship to sustainable development and digital green accounting has a positive and significant relationship to sustainable development.

This study investigates the relationship between green accounting, energy efficiency, and environmental performance in the context of Bangladeshi pharmaceutical and chemical companies. The study also explores the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. A total of 326 responses were collected using a simple random sampling technique from pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data. The results indicate that green accounting has a significant positive impact on both energy efficiency and environmental performance. Moreover, energy efficiency partially mediates the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. The study also found that economic, environmental, and social practices of green accounting positively impact energy efficiency and environmental performance, with environmental practices having the highest impact. The findings of this study provide important insights for managers and policymakers of pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh, highlighting the need for green accounting practices that promote environmental sustainability. The study suggests that integrating green accounting practices can lead to better energy efficiency and environmental performance, which can enhance the reputation and competitive advantage of these companies. This study identifies the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance, providing a unique perspective on the mechanism behind the relationship.

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of green accounting and environmental performance on Return On Asset. This research used a quantitative and the data analysis is multiple linear regression analysis. The sample used in this study were 6 companies in the Basic and Chemical Industry sector for 5 years with a total of 30 data. The results of this study indicate that the green accounting variable has a significant positive effect on Return On Asset and the environmental performance variable has no effect on the Return On Asset of companies in the Basic and Chemical Industry sector for the period 2016 to 2020. Meanwhile, the green accounting and environmental performance variables have an effect together. positive is not significant on the Return On Asset variable.

Implementing green accounting is a way for companies to improve environmentally friendly operations where there is a relationship between operating funds and the company's environmental budget. The impact of green accounting in companies influences environmental performance and environmental disclosure, which is a new variable from the dependent variable in this research. The independent variable is a financial performance variable measured using the Return on Asset (ROA) ratio of registered food and beverage sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2022. This research aims to determine how green accounting implementation impacts the company's financial performance. In this research, 44 sample companies were selected purposively. Using a dummy variable regression analysis model, the test results show that environmental disclosure variables influence financial performance, but environmental performance variables do not. The limitation of this research lies in the need for more samples used so that future research is expected to be able to add samples by expanding the research population.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of CSR implementation on environmental performance and to examine its impact on green accounting and green innovation. The research method used a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from annual reports and sustainability reports of manufacturing companies in Indonesia listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020-2024 period. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling, obtaining 325 companies as samples. The analysis results show that CSR implementation has a significant positive effect on environmental performance but does not affect green accounting or green innovation. Green accounting has been shown to have a significant effect on environmental performance and acts as a mediator between CSR and environmental performance, while green innovation does not show a significant effect either directly or indirectly. These findings confirm that the improvement in environmental performance of manufacturing companies is more supported by the integration of CSR with green accounting practices, while the contribution of green innovation is still not optimal.

This study aims to systematically review the empirical literature on the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance with financial performance. Despite growing attention to sustainability practices in corporate management, empirical findings remain inconsistent regarding their economic implications. This inconsistency creates confusion for both academics and practitioners in understanding the true value of environmental initiatives. The primary research problem addressed in this study is the lack of comprehensive synthesis explaining why green accounting and environmental performance show varying effects on financial performance across different contexts. The review was conducted using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by analyzing 30 relevant articles published within the 2020–2025 period, selected through rigorous inclusion criteria from credible academic journals. The results indicate that both green accounting and environmental performance mostly show insignificant effects on financial performance, with 14 out of 25 studies (56%) finding no significant relationship for green accounting, and 10 out of 22 studies (45%) reporting similar findings for environmental performance. However, some studies documented positive effects when sustainability practices are managed as a corporate strategy to enhance reputation, legitimacy, and competitive advantage. These findings suggest that the economic benefits of environmental management are indirect and influenced by contextual factors such as industry characteristics, regulatory environments, and strategic orientation. The practical implications of this study emphasize that companies must integrate environmental practices into core business strategies rather than treating them as mere compliance activities, while policymakers should consider designing incentive mechanisms that accelerate the transformation of environmental investments into measurable financial returns. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of empirical inconsistencies and emphasizes the need for a more strategic sustainability approach to support financial performance.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of the application of green accounting and environmental performance on profitability in food and beverage companies listed on the IDX in 2018-2022. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling so that 08 companies were obtained. The type of data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the annual report of food and beverage companies listed on the IDX for 2018-2022. The analysis technique used in this study is by using regression analysis of panel data with the selected research model, namely the Random Effect Model (REM). The results of data research using Eviews (Econometric Views) version 12 conducted in this study shows that green accounting variables affect profitability because green accounting can be said to be a long-term investment of the company, because the funds spent today can provide a good name for the company. Environmental performance variables do not affect profitability, this is because even though the average company has obtained a blue rating, which means the company is making efforts for environmental management in accordance with the law. However, the results of environmental performance can be said to be unable to guarantee that the company's profitability will increase.

Various environmental problems in the world because business activities are not responsible for their activities and their impact on the environment. The responsibility of companies make by paying for their environmental costs can help reduce future costs. This paper aims to examine whether financial performance mediates the impact of green accounting and environmental performance on firm value. The method used is quantitative with a causality design. The sampling method uses purposive sampling to test the relationship between variables. The data used is panel data with a total of 83 companies during 2016 - 2021. The method of analysis in this study uses path analysis. The authors find that green accounting and environmental performance affect financial performance. While green accounting, environmental and financial performance affect firm value. The relationship between green accounting, environmental performance, and firm value is not mediated by financial performance. It shows that the business is increasing environmental costs and participating in the PROPER award can carry out activities that do not directly harm the environment, and the company is environmentally conscious. This condition fits the legitimacy and stakeholder theory. If the business can focus on environmental management, the community will accept it well, and the company will have a good reputation. High trust and loyalty enhance the company's profits and value. This study varies from other research in that it comprehensively examines the effects of green accounting and environmental performance, both direct and indirect, on financial performance and firm value.

Green accounting, also known as environmental accounting, is accounting that involves environmental costs or budgets in company activities. Green accounting also identifies, presents, and discloses a company's environmental impact and performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of the application of independent variables—green accounting and environmental performance—on the dependent variable, firm value, in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and participating in PROPER for the 2019-2023 period. This study employed multiple linear regression with SPSS version 30 as the analytical tool. The data used in this study were secondary data in the form of annual reports from mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. A purposive sampling technique was used, resulting in seven sample companies. The results of this study indicate that both green accounting and environmental performance partially influence firm value. Simultaneously, both green accounting and environmental performance influence firm value.

In recent years, the rise in the utilization of business intelligence (BI) as a pivotal tool for enhancing economic performance has spurred considerable interest. This study, anchored in resource‐based theory, delves into the intricate relationships among BI, environmental performance (EP), financial performance (FP), green accounting (GA), and energy efficiency (EE) within manufacturing firms in Bangladesh. Employing a multistage stratified random sampling technique, a structured questionnaire was administered to 368 participants over 5 months starting in June 2023. The study employs a comprehensive analytical method that includes disjoint two‐stage PLS‐based structural equation modeling, artificial neural networks, and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to ensure robust and insightful results. The findings highlight the positive and significant impact of BI on EP, FP, GA, and EE for manufacturing firms, demonstrating the efficacy of BI in driving improvements across environmental and financial metrics. Notably, the study unveils the mediating effects of EE between GA and FP, as well as between BI and FP, emphasizing the crucial role of EE in bolstering financial outcomes. Moreover, EP emerges as a mediator between BI and GA, underscoring the connectedness of these constructs within the organizational frame. Pioneering in offering a BI‐integrated concepts for environmental and FP, exploring mediating effects, and applying the integrated modeling approach, this research provides theoretical insights and practical implications, offering valuable guidance for stakeholders aiming to leverage BI strategies effectively.

This study is dedicated to making a description of the quality of environmental performance in terms of the implementation of green accounting in companies in Indonesia. Sources of data used in this study are data from scientific papers related to research problems as well as from previous research. This study uses an analytical method in the form of a literature review with the help of the MAXQDA 2020 software. The results of this study prove that companies that implement and report their environmental performance or green performance in environmental reporting or green accounting in Indonesia have an influence on the company's image in the eyes of company stakeholders. Companies that report clearly and correctly their environmental performance can make users of this information aware of the company's economic and environmental performance. This information, if published, will provide various benefits in accordance with the explanation in this study, namely the quality of environmental performance in terms of the implementation of green accounting in companies in Indonesia. Most companies in Indonesia only fulfill one indicator of the implementation of green accounting, namely the presentation of costs associated with corporate waste management in the financial statements so that the company's environmental performance can only be seen through the projected numbers in the overall accounting concept. The quality of environmental performance reporting or green performance in environmental reporting or green accounting by companies in Indonesia is still not good enough, seen from the lack of environmental performance reporting by certain companies. Companies that record their environmental performance and publish these reports properly and correctly tend to have a positive image in the eyes of stakeholders.reporting by certain companies. Companies that record their environmental performance and publish these reports properly and correctly tend to have a positive image in the eyes of stakeholders.

Although natural resources’ important role and massive contribution to the country’s economic development, mining activities bring unprecedent consequences, like environment destruction and social conflict. Companies need to pay attention to the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in this era. Green accounting and environment performance are couple of instruments to support CSR implementation. The puporse of this research is to understand how big the influence of green accounting and environment performance to the mining companies’ profitability. This research is quantitative research. This research utilizes Eviews 13 software. To ensure the precise of model regression, classic assumption test is conducted, such as normality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test. To choose the best panel data regression model, there will be 3 test to conduct, which are Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange-Multiplier test. Partial test and f-test are done to test hypothesis in this research. Partial test and f-test are done to test hypothesis in this research. The result of this research indicates that green accounting gives negative impact to the profitability of mining companies. While, environment performance doesn’t give any influence to the company’s profitability. Simultaneously, green accounting and environment performance give significant influence to the profitability. Green accounting impacts negatively to the profitability, because there is no accounting standard about the calculation method, classification accounts from the environment costs, no correlation between financial report and sustainability report, and lack of transparency of the environment cost. Environment performance gives no effect to the profitability, due to lack respond from some stakeholders to the environment performance score. Keywords : Green Accounting, Environment Performance, Mining Companies