Pengaruh CAR, NIM, dan BOPO terhadap ROA pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2024

This study examines the effect of capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan, operation efficiency and bank size on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) are the selected dependent variables. The selected independent variables are bank size, operating efficiency, net interest margin, non-performing loan, capital adequacy ratio, and loan-to-deposit ratio. The study is based on secondary data of 12 commercial banks with 108 observations for the study period from 2014/15 to 2022/23. The data were collected from Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The correlation coefficients and regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan, operation efficiency and bank size on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The study showed that non-performing loan has a negative impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the non-performing loans, lower would be the return on assets. In contrast, non-performing loan has a positive impact on return on equity. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to increase in return on equity. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio has a positive impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, higher would be the return on assets. However, capital adequacy ratio has a negative impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, lower would be the return on equity. Further, net interest margin has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that increase in net interest margin leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. In addition, loan to deposit ratio has a negative impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that higher the loan to deposit ratio, lower would be the return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, operating efficiency has a negative impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the operating efficiency, lower would be the return on assets. In contrast, operating efficiency has a positive impact on return on equity. It indicates that increase in operating efficiency leads to increase in return on equity. In addition, bank size has a negative impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that larger the bank size, lower would be the return on assets and return on equity.

This study aimed to examine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non- Performing Loan (NPL), Operating Efficiency (BOPO), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on Return on Assets (ROA).The population used in this study was Private Foreign Exchange National Bank in Indonesia that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013-2016. By using Purposive Sampling method, it could be obtained 44 samples of 15 banking companies which observed in 2013-2016. The analysis technique employed was Panel Data Regression. Research findings indicated that Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Operational Efficiency (BOPO), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) simultaneously had effect on Return on Assets (ROA). Then, partial test of each variables were CAR and LDR had not significant effect on ROA, while NPL, BOPO, and NIM have significant effect on ROA. Keywords: ROA, CAR, NPL, BOPO, NIM, and LDR DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-10-19 Publication date :May 31 st 2019

The weak condition of the banking sector encourages those involved in conducting a bank health assessment. One of the parties is the investor because the better the bank's performance, the greater the security guarantee of the invested funds. By using financial ratios, investors can find out the performance of a bank that can be seen through various variables. The variable used as the basis for valuation is the financial statements of the companies concerned. Company performance can be measured by analyzing and evaluating financial statements. Information on financial position and performance in the past is often used as a basis for predicting financial position and performance in the future. Banking performance can be measured using average loan interest rates, average deposit interest rates, and bank profitability. The profitability measure used is return on assets (ROA) in the banking industry. Return on Assets (ROA) focuses the company's ability to obtain earnings in the company's operations. The reason for choosing Return on Assets (ROA) as a measure of performance is because Return on Assets (ROA) is used to measure the effectiveness of the company in generating profits by utilizing its assets. The greater ROA shows the better financial performance, because the greater the rate of return. This study aims to examine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operating-Income Expense Ratio (BOPO), Non Performing Loans (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and on Return on Assets (NIM) ROA) as the Financial Performance of Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. The data used in this study were obtained from the Annual Financial Statements of Banking Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. the samples used were 23 Banking Companies Listed on the IDX. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the CAR, BOPO, NPL, NIM, and LDR variables had a positive and significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA). Thus the bank is expected to pay attention to the level of efficiency of its operations to increase profitability on its financial performance.

One measure to assess the level of soundness or performance of a bank's profitability is Return On Assets (ROA). The level of Return On Assets (ROA) is used to measure bank profitability and focuses on the company's ability to earn profits in its operations, Bank Indonesia sets a minimum amount of Return On Assets (ROA) of 1.5%. However, the Return on Assets (ROA) at PT Bank Negara Indonesia Persero, Tbk for the 2011-2021 period fluctuated with a downward trend. Many factors can affect the rise and fall of Return On Assets (ROA). This study aims to explain the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR) on Return On Assets (ROA). This research uses quantitative methods with descriptive and verification approaches. The type of data is secondary data sourced from www.idx.co.id and the annual report of PT Bank Negara Indonesia, Tbk. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis and verification analysis (classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination analysis, and hypothesis testing). The results showed that: 1) Return on Assets (ROA) fluctuated with a downward trend with an average of 2.53% and a standard deviation of 0.87. 2) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) fluctuates with a downward trend with an average of 17.97% and a standard deviation of 1.59. 3) Net Interest Margin (NIM) fluctuated with a downward trend with an average of 5.63% and a standard deviation of 0.68%. 4) Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR) fluctuates with an increasing trend with an average of 84.79% and a standard deviation of 6.36. 5) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has no significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). 6) Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). 7) Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR) has no significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). 8) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR) simultaneously (together) have a significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA). With the influence contribution of 67.50%, while the remaining 32.50% is influenced by other factors that are not included in the study.

This study aims to determine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non- Performing Loan (NPL) in the Return on Asset (ROA) with Net Interest Margin (NIM) as an Intervening Variable in BUMN Bank Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018-2022. The independent variable used in this study is Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non-Performing Loan (NPL). The dependent variable used is Return On Asset (ROA). The intervening variable used is Net Interest Margin (NIM). The method used in this study uses nonprobability sampling technique, using secondary and quantitative data. The analysis technique in this research uses Smart PLS 3.0 by analysing the inner model such as the coefficient of determination, hypothesis testing and path analysing. The research show that, CAR has a significant and positive effect on NIM, LDR and NPL have no significant and unidirectional effect on NIM, CAR and LDR have no significant and unidirectional effect on ROA, NPL and NIM have a significant and unidirectional effect on ROA, NIM can mediate the influence of the variable CAR on ROA, NIM cannot mediate the influence of the LDR and NPL variables on ROA.

This study aims to determine the effect of the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and loan to deposit ratio (LDR) on the profitability of banks that go public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 - 2021. The indicators used in this study are: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return On Assets (ROA). One of the Profitability Ratios used as an indicator in this study is Return On Assets (ROA). ROA is a financial ratio to measure the ability of bank management in obtaining overall profit (profit). In this study, ROA is used as the dependent variable, while the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio are independent variables. The two independent variables will be analyzed either partially or simultaneously to see whether or not there is an effect on ROA. The data used in this study is the ratio of CAR, LDR and ROA of publicly listed banks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 – 2021 with the number of banks listed and meeting the characteristics of 28 banks. In data analysis using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, F test and T test. The results of the study using the F test together that CAR and LDR have an effect on ROA, while the T test shows that CAR has an effect on ROA and LDR has no effect on ROA.

This study aims to determine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non Performing Loan (NPL), dan Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) in the Return On Asset (ROA) on the Commercial Banks in Southeast Asia in 2012-2018. The independent variabel used in this study is Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non Performing Loan (NPL), dan Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The dependent variabel used is Return On Assets (ROA). The methode used in this study uses purposive sempling technique, using scondary and quantitative data. The results of the analysis show that the data used in this study have met the classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing using t test an f test and the test the coefficient of determination using SPSS version 23. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that 1) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has a positive and significant effect on Return On Asset (ROA). 2) Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a positive and significant effect on Return On Asset (ROA). 3) Non Performing Loan (NPL) no has a positive and significant effect on Return On Asset (ROA). 4) Loan to Deposite Ratio (LDR) has a negative and significant effect on Return On Asset (ROA).

Determinants of Deposit Money Banks' Profitability in Nigeria

As companies in general, commercial banks in the operational as well have a goal to be able to get the maximum profit. Therefore, banks must maintain its financial ratios adjusted for the decision of Bank Indonesia as well as maintain its performance in order to remain trusted by customers in the economic activities. This study aims to analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM) an Operating Expenses to Operating Income Ratio (OEOI) to the Return on Assets (ROA) of bank in Indonesia listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2007 - 2011. 25 banks are investigated and 17 of them are chosen as samples.The analysis technique of this study used in this study is multiple linear regressions to obtain a comprehensive picture of the relationship between variables that one with the other variables. In addition, the hypothesis test used was the t-test statistic for testing the partial regression coefficient and test F-statistic for testing significance together with the significance level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that NPL and OEOI significantly and negatively related to ROA banking sector, CAR, LDR, and the NIM has non-significant impact on ROA in banking sector. The results of this study is expected that the variable CAR, LDR, NPL, NIM, and OEOI can used as guidelines for the management of banks in managing a bank in order to become a healthy bank.

This study examines the effect of bank specific factors and market structure factors on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Return on assets (ROA) and net interest margin (NIM) are the selected dependent variables. The selected independent variables are bank size, non-performing loans, capital adequacy ratio, loan-to-deposit ratio, operating efficiency, book value per share, and market capitalization. The study is based on secondary data of 14 commercial banks with 112 observations for the study period from 2015/16 to 2022/23. The data were collected from Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The correlation coefficients and regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of bank specific factor and market structure factors on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The study showed that non-performing loan has a negative impact on return on assets and net interest margin. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to decrease in return on assets and net interest margin. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio has a positive impact on return on assets and net interest margin. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio leads to increase in return on assets and net interest margin. In contrast, loan to deposit ratio has a negative impact on return on assets and net interest margin. It indicates that increase on loan to deposit ratio leads to decrease in return on assets and net interest margin. Further, operating efficiency has a negative impact on return on assets. It indicates that increase in operating efficiency leads to decrease in return on assets. In addition, bank size has a positive impact on return on assets and net interest margin. It indicates that increase in bank size leads to increase in return on assets and net interest margin. Moreover, market capitalization has a positive impact on return on assets. It indicates that increase in market capitalization leads to increase in return on assets. Similarly, book value per share has a positive impact on return on assets and net interest margin. It indicates that higher the book value per share, higher would be the return on assets and net interest margin.

This study aims to determine the effect of Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Operational Costs / Operating Income (BOPO) and Non Performing Loans (NPL) on Return On Assets (ROA) Banking listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research period is 2015-2018. This type of research is causal quantitative research and the source of data used is secondary data. Data analysis techniques used multiple linear regression. Data collection methods consist of documentation and library studies. As well as the sampling technique through the purposive sampling method and research data obtained 43 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) as a population and as many as 17 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) as samples. The results of this study indicate: Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) has a positive and not significant effect on Return on Assets, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has a positive and significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a negative effect and does not significant on Return On Assets (ROA), Operating Costs / Oprasional Revenues (BOPO) have a negative and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), Non Performing Loans (NPL) have a negative and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA), simultaneously LDR , CAR, NIM, BOPO and NPL have positive and significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA) of commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2015-2018. This also shows that 84% of ROA is influenced by LDR, CAR, NIM, BOPO and NPL while the remaining 16% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

This study aims to determine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO) on Return on Asset (ROA) of rural banks in Batam City. Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO) and Return on Asset (ROA) are measured from the financial statements provided on Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) website. The population used in this study was rural banks in Batam City period 2017-2021. This study used 26 companies with purposive sampling as research sample. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The result of this study indicate that partially Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM) and Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO) have a significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA), while the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR) have no significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA). Simultaneously, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposits Ratio (LDR), and Operational Costs Operating Income (BOPO) have a significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA).

This study aims to test the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit (LDR), and Operational Efficiency Ratio (OER) on Return on Assets (ROA) during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study utilizes a purposive sampling method using a population of National Private Commercial Banks (NPCB) for foreign exchange listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data used is the Annual Report for the 2019-2020 period which has been published and based on the purposive sampling method the number of samples used is 44. The analytical technique used in this study is multiple linear regression using SPSS 24. Based on the results of the study, it shows that CAR has a significant positive effect on ROA, LDR has no significant effect on ROA, and OER has a negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA).

This study aims to determine the determinants of the profitability of banks in Indonesia based on the Commercial Group Business Banks (BUKU). Descriptive and verification methods used on secondary form bank that go public in Indonesian Stock Exchange. The dependent variable is Return on Assets (ROA) and the independent variables are Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operational Expense of Operating Income (OEOI) and Net Interest Margin (NIM). The results showed that  in BUKU 2, OEOI has a significant negative effect on ROA while CAR and LDR have a negative and insignificant effect on ROA and NIM has a positive and insignificant effect on ROA. In BUKU 3, it showed that CAR has a significant positive effect on ROA, for LDR and NIM has a positive and insignificant effect on ROA while for OEOI it has a negative and insignificant effect on ROA. In BUKU 4,  CAR, LDR and ROA have negative and insignificant effect on ROA and NIM have a significant positive effect on ROA. Simultaneously, CAR, LDR, OEOI and NIM have an effect on ROA for Bank BUKU 2,3 and 4.

The objectives of this research are to analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), BOPO, Net Interest Margin (NIM) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) towards Return On Asset (ROA) of Sum-Sel Babel Bank in the period of December 2000 – December 2012. This research used data from publication of quarterly financial reports and annual reports of Sumsel Babel Bank in the period of December 2000 – December 2012. Multiple regression is used to analiyze the data. The results show that CAR, NIM, BOPO, LDR, and NPL influences the performance of Sumsel Babel Bank. These independent variables are able to explain 66.4% of the variability of ROA and the remaining 33.6% of the variability of ROA is influenced by other factors which is not included in the model. The result shows that only BOPO and LDR have significant effect on Return On Asset (ROA). BOPO has negative effect but LDR has positive effect. Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM) and NPL have no sifnificant effect to Return On Asset (ROA) whatsoever on the performance of SumSel Babel Bank. The result finds that the findings are consistent with the hypotheses but three variables CAR, NIM and NPL are not significant.